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Air Pollution 1. PowerPoint Notes Clean air consists of: _______________ _______________ Very small amounts of argon, carbon dioxide and water vapor. We breathe ______________ gallons of air each day. When harmful substances reach unhealthy levels we call this “air pollution.” Air Pollution Most air pollution is ___________________ Natural air pollution includes ____________________, dust, pollen, and spores. ______________________: one that is put directly into the air by human activity ex. soot __________________________: forms when two primary pollutants react in air, or when one combines with a naturally occurring substance ex. ground level ozone Carbon monoxide (CO) Odorless, colorless, poisonous Produced by the ________________________________________________ Sources include __________________, burning propane or natural gas indoors, _________________________________ _____________ Americans die each year from accidental CO poisoning Affects blood’s ability to ______________________ What are the main sources of CO in Iowa? Nitrogen Oxides (NOX) From____________________, _________________________________, industry Makes your body vulnerable to ____________________________and cancer What are the main sources of NOX in Iowa? Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Produced by interactions between ______________and ___________________ Comes from burning of __________________________which contain sulfur Contributes to _______________________as sulfuric acid Harms plants and irritates human respiratory system What are the main sources of SO2 in Iowa? Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) Organic compounds that easily become __________________ ________________are a major source, also found in household products (________, varnish, dry cleaned clothing, air freshener) Contribute to ____________formation Cause serious health problems including cancer What are the main sources of VOC in Iowa? Particulate Matter (PM) Tiny particles of ____________or ____________ Fine particles come from___________, coal burning power plants. Coarse particles come from cement plants, mining and _____________Can form clouds that_____________________. Can cause a variety of respiratory problems and cancer. What are the main sources of PM in Iowa? Secondary Pollutants Ozone (O3) is a gas composed of ___________oxygen atoms. It is not usually emitted directly into the air, but at ground-level is created by a ________________________between oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOC) in the presence of____________. Ozone has the same chemical structure whether it occurs miles above the earth or at ground-level and can be "good" or "bad," depending on its location in the atmosphere. Ozone: _________________________________ High Altitude ________________________from harmful UV rays. Man-made chemicals, such as___________, have depleted our ozone layer. Since ____________ we have practically eliminated the use of ozone depleting substances Our ozone layer is _____________ Health Effects of Ground level ozone Airway irritation, ____________, and __________when taking a deep breath; _______________and breathing difficulties during exercise or outdoor activities; _______________, which is much like a sunburn on the skin; Aggravation of _______________and increased susceptibility to respiratory illnesses like pneumonia and bronchitis Permanent ______________________with repeated exposures.