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Exam 4 Review This “review sheet” has a list of questions that you can ask yourself to get a feel for your own comfort level on the different topics that we’ve covered in class. As with the second exam, you should be comfortable with reading/writing numbers in scientific notation & using your own scientific calculator to perform calculations. Solar System Debris Can you describe the similarities and differences between comets and asteroids (composition, orbits, origins, etc.)? Do you know interesting properties of the following asteroids: Ceres, Ida, Eros, Trojan asteroids? Do you understand how two different tails form from a comet and what the differences are between the tails? What is the connection between a meteoroid, a meteor, and a meteorite? What is the most common source for meteoroids? What are other sources? Are you familiar with the evidence that supports the idea that a large asteroid impact is the cause of the extinction of the dinosaurs? Do you know how the size of an asteroid is related to how frequently they strike Earth and how much damage they can do? What is the current state of affairs in terms of defense of asteroid impacts? Solar System Formation Do you know the composition of the gas and dust that makes up the interstellar medium (ISM) and how that plays a role in the development of our Solar System? Can you explain the process that caused a globule of ISM to form into the Solar System? Explain how the Solar Nebula Theory accounts for the following properties of the Solar System: How the composition of terrestrial planets relates to its position near the Sun. Terrestrial planets have small atmospheres. Low orbital inclinations of all the planets. All planets orbit the Sun in the same direction that the Sun rotates. Extra-Solar Planets Do you understand why we cannot (usually) directly observe planets orbiting around other stars and how we go about finding evidence for the existence of such planets? Are you familiar with the properties we’ve discovered about extra-solar planets? Extra-terrestrial Life Do you know what conditions Earth has that made it favorable for life to develop on Earth? How was life able to develop and thrive on Earth? What are the properties of water and Carbon that make them essential ingredients for the development of life? What properties of other worlds (Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jovian planets, etc.) would make us think that there isn’t life present there? What worlds show some promise for the existence of basic forms of life, and why? What search efforts have we made to establish contact with another advanced civilization? Arecibo Message Asteroid Belt Center of Mass Chicxulub Condensation Sequence Differentiation Dust Tail Extremophiles Habitable Zone Heavy Bombardment Period Ion Gas Tail Kirkwood Gaps Kuiper Belt Miller-Urey Experiment Nebula Oort Cloud Out-gassing PHA Pioneer Plaques Planetesimals Proto-planet Proto-Sun SETI Voyager Gold Records