Download 1st Quarter Final Study Guide

st
1
Quarter Final Study Guide
Burnette & Davis
Social Studies 7
Fall 2013
1. Between which two rivers can you
find Mesopotamia?
• Tigris & Euphrates
2. What is the area of rich farmland
called in this region?
• The Fertile Crescent
3. Why did people settle in this region
between the rivers?
• The rivers provided rich silt deposits for
farming.
4. Describe how settlement in
Mesopotamia developed.
• First, people settled where crops could grow.
• Then, the population grew.
• Lastly, villages and cities formed.
5. Why did people come to work as
craftsmen?
• Because of division of labor
6. Why did Mesopotamians build
canals?
• They needed a way to control the river’s flow.
7. Describe how civilization
developed.
• If people had a steady food supply (through
farming), they can build a complex society.
8. Why did city-states fight each other
for farmland?
• They wanted enough farmland to grow food
and feed their people.
9. Who was the first leader to have a
permanent army?
• Sargon
10. Why did city-states have walls
around them?
• To protect the people inside from an attack.
11. Whose job was it to serve
between the Sumerians and the gods?
• priests
12. If scribes had power in Sumerian
society, what is one inference you can
make?
• People who could read and write were very
important.
13. Describe cuneiform
• A form of writing using wedge-shaped
symbols
14. In what ways did Sumerians
practice medicine?
• They recorded their observations
• They used natural resources
• They were skilled at using figs, milk, and salt
15. What are ziggurats? Why are they
so tall?
• Ziggurats are large, pyramid-shaped templetowers.
• They were tall to honor the gods.
16. What is a cylinder seal? What is it
used for?
• A cylinder seal is like a stamp with symbols on
it. It was rolled onto wet clay.
• It was used to mark property and sign
documents.
17. What was the first conquering
group to rule after Hammurabi?
• The Hittites
18. For what resource was Phoenicia
well-known?
• Cedar wood
19. Which later group of people were
more powerful from trade rather than
conquest?
• The Phoenicians
20. What physical feature led the
Phoenicians to trade by sea?
• Mountains to the north and east
21. What technology did Hittites and
Assyrians use in battle?
• Iron weapons and chariots
22. What kind of political unit was
Carthage?
• A trade colony for Phoenicia
23. What do Hammurabi and
Nebuchadnezzar have in common?
• They both built up Babylon
24. What was the relationship
between trade and the spread of the
Phoenician alphabet?
• The Phoenician alphabet spread over trade
routes.
25. What factor may have limited the
growth of Sargon’s Empire?
• The Syrian desert was a harsh environment
with not enough good farmland
26. What are historians interested in
studying?
• The knowledge, beliefs, and customs of
groups of people
27. What is culture?
• The beliefs, customs, and art of a group of
people
28. What is a primary document?
Give examples
• A primary document is written by someone
who took part in or witnessed an event.
• Examples are: diaries & journals, laws,
treaties, autobiographies
29. Captains, Kings, Saints, Fanatics,
Traitors, Villains… …and heroes are
all…
• People who make history
30. How did the invention of tools
affect humans?
• They increased the chances for survival.
31. For what reason did language
develop?
• To make hunting easier, to form new
relationships, and to resolve issues like
distributing food.
32. Why did people have to make
clothes and build shelter as they
migrated out of Africa?
• They needed more protection to survive in
colder areas.
33. Describe what happened in the
Neolithic Revolution.
• A shift from food gathering to food producing
34. How did farming impact people in
the New Stone Age?
• It allowed people to build permanent
settlements.
35. Describe the connection between
farming and the growth of towns.
• Farming helped establish permanent
settlements. People settled where crops
would grow, and the population grew.
36. List the order of settlement of the
continents, starting with Africa.
• Africa, Europe & Asia, Australia, North
America, South America
37. What allowed people to migrate
from Asia to North America?
• A land bridge over the Bering Strait
38. How did the Ice Age affect early
humans?
• Early humans were forced to move to new
environments.
39. What is a legend? What
information might you find on it?
• A legend tells what symbols are on the map.
• It tells about physical and human features.
40. How are degrees latitude
measured?
• Degrees NORTH or Degrees SOUTH of the
equator
41. How are degrees longitude
measured?
• Degrees EAST or Degrees WEST of the Prime
Meridian.
42. What is the order of coordinates?
• Latitude, Longitude
43. What is absolute location?
• Using lines of latitude and longitude
(coordinates) or an address to find an exact
location on the earth.
44. What is relative location?
• Telling where something is in relation to
something else.
45. Describe a Mercator Projection.
• A rectangle map where lines of latitude are
spaced out closer to the poles, stretching out
the image of land in the polar regions.
• Shape is correct, but size is distorted.
46. Describe a Robinson Projection
• An oval map projection where latitude lines
stay the same distance apart, but longitude
lines curve outward from the Prime Meridian.
• Shapes and sizes show the least distortion.
47. Which projection is preferred by
geographers? Why?
• Robinson – It shows the least distortions in
size, shape, and distance.
48. What is the difference between
physical and human geography?
• Physical = what is on the earth’s landscape
(mountains, lakes, deserts, plains)
• Human = cultural, political, and economic
characteristics of the people
49. What are examples of H.E.I.?
• Building cities, farming, mining…
• Anything where people are changing the
environment for their benefit.
50. In which two hemispheres would
you find Bowling Green, KY?
• Northern and Western