Download Ch.22TestReview

Name_________________________________________ Period_______________
Earth Science-Section 22.4, 22.5, 22.6 Test Review
1. The lithosphere includes the crust and portions of the____________
2. A long, deep depression in the ocean floor is called a ______________________
3. What type of plate boundary occurs when two plates move away from each other?
4. Which type of earthquake wave moves the fastest? _____________________
5. The location inside Earth where an earthquake begins is called the _______________________
6. Magma that hardens in a pipe of a volcano may form a _____________________________
7. What is continental drift?
8. What are two pieces of evidence to support sea-floor spreading?
9. What is the importance of convection currents in the theory of plate tectonics?
10. What drives the movement of plates on the Earth's athenosphere?
11. What determines the viscosity of magma?
12. What is the difference between a fault and a fold?
13. Where do earthquakes usually occur?
14. What kind of plate boundary causes subduction and why does the oceanic plate go under the
continental plate?
15. How do hot-spot volcanoes form?
16. What is the major difference between Wegener's original hypothesis of continental drift and
the theory of plate tectonics? How are they similar?
17. New oceanic crust is being produced in the Pacific Ocean due to a mid-ocean ridge that runs
along the ocean floor. But the Pacific Ocean is not getting bigger. What must be happening in
the Pacific Ocean?
18. What is the difference between magma and lava? (Hint: One is when it is in IN the volcano and
one is after it flows OUT!)
19. What is the energy transformation that takes place during an earthquake?
20. What are 2 ways mountains can be formed?
21. What is the difference between a transverse and a longitudinal wave?
22. The fossils of tropical plants and animals have been found in Antarctica. Using your knowledge
of plate tectonics, provide a possible explanation for this observation.
23. How does the Moment Magnitude Scale measure earthquake intensity and how does the
Modified Mercalli Scale measure earthquakes?
24. When the volcano Krakatoa erupted in the 1880s, the eruption released so much volcanic ash
into the atmosphere that temperatures temporarily cooled worldwide. Do you think that
Krakatoa's eruption involved low-silica magma or high-silica magma? Explain.
25. Name the three types of plate boundaries and draw pictures for each.
26. Complete the chart below.
Type of
Eruption
Type of Volcano (Shield,
Cinder, Composite)
Type of Plate Boundary
(Divergent, convergent, hot
spots, mid-ocean ridge?)
Magma Type (Low or
High Viscosity AND Low
or High Silica)
Quiet
Explosive
27. Math Skills: Use the graph to answer questions a through b.
a) An earthquake occurs 2000 km from
seismograph station A. How much later does
the first P wave arrive at the station? How
much later does the first S wave arrive?
b) What is the difference in time between the
arrivals of the first P wave and the first S wave
at station A?
c) The first P waves of the earthquake arrived at seismograph station B about 2 minutes before the
first S waves arrived. How far is seismograph station B from the epicenter of the earthquake?
Know ALL your VOCAB words from 22.4-22.6!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!