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Concepts of Physical Science Chemistry Review I. Matching Word bank Solution Suspension Compound Heterogeneous Homogeneous Chemistry Physical change Chemical change Metal Nonmetal Semimetal Ion Isotopes Atomic nucleus Group Period Valence electrons Ionic bonds Covalent bonds Acid Base 1. A substance with a pH less than 7 that turns litmus paper red. 2. Have the same composition throughout- evenly mixed 3. all components of a mixture are in the same phase 4. An element that is nonmalleable, nonductile, and a poor conductor of electricity and heat 5. the core of an atom, consisting of two basic subatomic particles- protons and neutrons 6. A substance with a pH more than 7 that turns litmus paper blue 7. a chemical bond in which atoms are held together by their mutual attraction for two electrons they share 8. Atoms of the same element that contain different numbers of neutrons and therefore, different masses 9. An atom with a positive or negative charge due to loss or gain of electrons 10. An element that is generally shiny, opaque, malleable, ductile, and a good conductor of electricity and heat 11. A vertical column on the periodic table; numbered from 1 to 18 12. Exhibit both metallic and nonmetallic properties; eight elements (B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, Po, At) 13. A horizontal row on the periodic table numbered 1 through 7 14. any electron in the outermost occupied shell of an atom. 15. the electrical force of attraction that holds ions of opposite charge together 16. the different components of a mixture are in different phases 17. a change in which a substance changes its phase or some other physical property but not its chemical composition 18. A mixture in which the different components can be seen as individual substances- not evenly mixed 19. A material in which atoms of different elements are chemically held to one another 20. the study of matter and the transformations that it can undergo 21. any change in a substance that involves a rearrangement of the way its atoms are bonded II. Fill in the following charts using your periodic table: Element Iron Silicon Arsenic Argon Group Period Element Atomic # Calcium Potassium Ion 19 electrons 59 Atomic # 10 Mass # protons neutrons electrons 31 53 Ni+3 Si+4 neutrons 20 10 P-3 I-1 protons 40 Nickel Neon Mass # 74 59 14 How many electrons can be places on each of the following electron shells? Electron shell Maximum number of electrons 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Use the following electronegativity values below: Element Phosphorous Sulfur Oxygen Chlorine Hydrogen Electronegativity 2.19 2.58 3.44 3.16 2.2 List the following bonds in order of increasing polarity: P—S, P—O, P—Cl, P—H Draw atomic models for the following elements: Silicon Nitrogen III. Formula writing (use your green ion sheets) Write the following ionic formulas: 1. Aluminum bromide 2. Iron (II) oxide 3. Copper (I) sulfide 4. Silver nitride 5. Ammonium chloride 6. Iron (III) hydroxide 7. Potassium sulfate 8. Magnesium phosphate Name the following ionic formulas: 1. CaI2 2. CuCl2 3. Al2O3 4. K2S 5. Zn3N2 Write the following molecular formulas: 1. Carbon tetrachloride 2. Disilicon hexasulfide 3. Pentaphosphorous nonachloride 4. Trisulfur heptabromide IV. Match the symbol with the meaning → ∆ with a Pt catalyst yields gas → solid Pt → liquid (g) solid produced (s) gas produced (l) yields (aq) with heat yields aqueous Tell how many atoms of each element are in the following: Mg(NO3)2 4 CaSO4 2 AgC2H3O2 Cu3(PO4)2 Balance the following equations: CuCl2 + Ag → NaCl + AlBr3 → AgCl + AlCl3 + Cu NaBr Concepts of Physical Science Physics Review I. Matching Word bank Speed Acceleration Friction Inertia Copernicus meters/second2 Displacement Velocity Force Newton Kilograms Newtons Instantaneous Speed Weight Momentum Galileo meters/second 1. The rate at which an object is moving at a given moment in time 2. The speed and direction in which an object is moving 3. The ratio of the distance an object moves to the amount of time that an object moves 4. The result of the force of gravity acting on an object 5. The push or pull that acts on an object 6. The tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion 7. The direction from the starting point and length of a straight line from the start to end point 8. Rate at which the velocity changes; change in speed, direction or both 9. The product of an object’s mass and velocity 10.The force that opposes the motion of objects as they move past each other 11.Units used to measure speed 12.Units used to measure acceleration 13.Units used to measure force or weight 14.Units used to measure mass 15.Ancient Greek philosopher who proposed that force is required to keep an object moving at constant speed. 16.British scientist who developed three basic laws dealing with natural and unnatural motion 17.Italian scientist who concluded that moving object not exposed to friction or any other force would continue to move indefinitely. 18. What is the formula for average speed (v)? 19. What is the formula for acceleration (a)? 20. What is the formula for force (F)? 21. What is the formula for momentum (M)? 22. What is the formula for weight (W)? 23. What is the value for the acceleration due to gravity (g)? 24. Place the steps of the Scientific method in order by placing numbers in front of each step. Experiment Hypothesis Make Observation Conduct Research Form a Theory Analyze data