Download Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare

Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare
I.
II.
III.
IV.
Life of Shakespeare
A. Environment and heredity
B. Education
C. Apprenticeship
D. Interests
E. Occupation
The four periods of Shakespeare’s writing.
Shakespeare’s theatre
A. Note absence of scenery
B. Note devices used because of absence of
scenery
1. Examples: Description of
Macbeth’s castle spoken by Duncan
and Banquo.
“This is the Forest of Arden” in As
You Like It.
C. Study Globe Theatre
Terms the class should understand
A. Introduction of exposition
1. Purpose of introduction
a. To prepare listener for the play
b. To present enough facts to
follow the play intelligently
c. Tell the listener who the
speakers are and prepare for
those soon to enter
d. Hint the time and place of
action
e. Characterize the environment
f. A secondary requirement is to
set the tone
B. Exciting force starts the rising action
C. Main parts of play
1. Introduction
2. Climax
3. Catastrophe
D. Intermediate parts
1. Rising action – complicating forces,
or tying the knot
2. Falling action – resolving forces, or
untying the knot
E. Terms to define
1. Foreshadowing
2. Dramatic Irony
3. Plot
4. Go-between
5. Romantic tragedy –
chief characteristic
6. Soliloquy – use of
THE PLAY
I.
Type of work: Drama
Author: William Shakespeare
(1564-1616)
Type of plot: Romantic Tragedy
Time of plot: Fifteenth century
Scene or setting: Verona, Italy
First presented: Around 1595
II.
Principal characters
Romeo, son of the house of
Montague
Juliet, daughter of the house of
Capulet
Friar Laurence, a Franciscan
Mercutio, Romeo’s friend
Tybalt, Lady Capulet’s nephew
III.
Sources of the play
A. An Italian play by Luigi da Porto
B. A narrative poem by Arthur
Brook
IV.
Evidences of being an early play by
Shakespeare
A. Frequency of rhymes
B. Use of maid and friar
C. Puns
D. Conventional lover
E. Passages more lyrical than
dramatic
Romeo and Juliet, Act I PREREADING VOCABULARY
Use the context clues in the following passages to determine the meaning of each underlined word. Then
write the letter of the best definition on the line.
The tourists chatted as they were ambling through the pretty village. Then one of them stopped and
remarked, “Here is the most perfect and exquisite view of the entire trip.”
______1. AMBLING: a. rushing
b. moving at a gentle, easy pace c. walking on tiptoe d. walking proudly
______2. EXQUISITE:
a. extremely beautiful
b. ugly; revolting; repulsive
c. dull, uninteresting
d. colorful
Frightened by the ugly fray among the young men, the child let out a piteous cry.
______3. FRAY:
a. wound
______4. PITEOUS: a. perfect
b. monster
b. pious
c. noisy quarrel or fight
c. pitiful
d. atmosphere
d. proper
Juan always treated Phyllis more like an adversary than a colleague. During the campaign, however,
they both became partisans of Robert’s platform, and they worked well together in his behalf.
______5. ADVERSARY: a. companion b. opponent c. advisor d. teacher
______6. PARTISANS: a. people who strongly support a position
b. people who hold opposite views
c. likely candidates for public office
d. people under the protection of others
Artie’s office is tense because the boss is full of choler. The slightest trespass will send him into a
towering rage, augmenting people’s existing fear.
_____7. CHOLER: a. sweetness
_____8. TRESPASS: a. joke
_____9. AUGMENTING: a. rewarding
b. apathy
b. wrongdoing
b. increasing
c. ideas
c. message
c. reminding of
d. anger
d. loss
d. changing
After King Henry’s worst transgression against the citizens, Prince Valiant resolved to take his castle
by siege.
_____10. TRANSGRESSION: a. speech
b. trip across a continent
c. interconnection
d. violation of a law or duty
_____11. SIEGE:
a. evil
b. catapult
c. persistent attempt to gain possession of something
d. technology
Write down the definitions for the following terms:
1. act
2. dialogue
3. scene
4. dramatic conventions
5. dramatic irony
6. pun
7. sonnet
8. tragic hero
The Prologue
Pre-reading question: Does knowing what will happen in a story harm or help a reader’s interest?
1.
Why is the prologue important?
2.
What is the form of poetry in the prologue?
3.
Summarize (in your own words) what happens in the prologue.
Essential Question: How do the following literary elements contribute to the theme and dramatic effect of a play?
Character
Scene
Dialogue
Staging
Act I, Scene 1
Pre-reading question: Imagine your town is in the middle of a civil war. How would you survive?
1.
Who are Sampson and Gregory?
2.
How do the citizens feel about the feud?
3.
What ultimatum does the prince pronounce?
4.
Explain Lady Capulet’s remark, “A crutch, a crutch!”
5.
What final orders does the Prince give to Capulet and Montague?
6.
Who is Benvolio?
7.
What lines characterize him?
8.
Who is the real culprit in the play?
9.
What adjective does Benvolio use to characterize Tybalt?
10. What information do we get about Romeo?
11. What does Montague say about Romeo?
12. What are the characteristics of his speech?
13. What is Romeo’s definition of love?
14. Who is Rosaline?
15. How does he describe her?
16. Explain “…only poor, / That when she dies with beauty dies her store.”
17. What advice does Benvolio give Romeo?
18. What is Romeo’s answer?
19. Summarize (in your own words) what happens in scene 1.
Essential Question: How do the following literary elements contribute to the theme and dramatic effect of a play?
Character
Scene
Dialogue
Staging
Act,
scene
Act 1,
scene 1
Page
#
992
Act 1,
scene 1
997
Act 1,
scene 1
999
Act 1,
scene 1
1000
Quotation
“Two households, both alike in dignity,
In fair Verona, where we lay our scene,
From ancient grudge break to new mutiny,
Where civil blood makes civil hands unclean.
From forth the fatal loins of these two foes
A pair of star-crossed lovers take their life;
Whose misadventured piteous overthrows
Doth with their death bury their parents strife.”
“Many a morning hath he there been seen,
With tears augmenting the fresh morning’s dew,
Adding to clouds more clouds with his deep sighs;
Away from light steals home my heavy son
And private in his chamber pens himself,
Shuts up his windows, locks fair daylight out,
And makes himself an artificial night.”
“Why then, O brawling love, O loving hate,
O anything, of nothing first created!
O heavy lightness, serious vanity,
Misshapen chaos of well-seeming forms […]”
“A right fair mark, fair coz, is soonest hit.
Well, in that hit you miss. She’ll not be hit
With Cupid’s arrow. She hath Dian’s wit,
And, in strong proof of chastity well-armed.
From Love’s weak childish bow she lives uncharmed.
She will not stay the siege of loving terms.”
Context (who said it
Significance (why is
to whom AND under
what circumstance)
this quote important?
What does it reveal about
themes or characters?)
(Note also: example of
FORESHADOWING )
(Note also: example of
OXYMORON)
(Note also: example of
ALLUSION)
Act I, Scene 2
Pre-reading question: What age is appropriate in your eyes for someone to get married? Why do you believe what you do?
1.
Who now enter the scene?
2.
What information do we get here?
3.
What does Paris ask Capulet?
4.
How does Capulet describe Juliet to Paris?
5.
What decision does Capulet announce regarding Paris’ suit?
6.
Explain “My child is yet a stranger in the world.”
7.
How old is Juliet?
8.
What does Capulet urge?
9.
Explain “The earth hath swallowed all my hopes but she.”
10. Note the numerous rhymes in Capulet’s speech.
11. What order does Capulet give a servant?
12. Is the comedy in relation to the servant realistic?
13. Whose names are among those on the list?
14. Note Shakespeare makes servants appear in comedy at times.
15. What advice does Benvolio give Romeo when the servant includes Romeo among the invited?
16. What does Romeo answer?
17. What purpose does Romeo have in agreeing to go to the party?
18. Summarize (in your own words) what happens in scene 2.
Essential Question: How do the following literary elements contribute to the theme and dramatic effect of a play?
Character
Scene
Dialogue
Staging
Act I, scene 3
Pre-reading question: Do you remember your babysitters from when you were little? Did you like them? Why or why not?
1.
What new characters appear in scene 3?
2.
Note more information is given about Juliet. The serious part of the plot is advanced. Juliet knows that she is about to be
married.
3.
What does the nurse say about Juliet’s age?
4.
What are the chief characteristics of the nurse as seen up to this time?
5.
Of what does Lady Capulet inform Juliet?
6.
How does the nurse describe Paris?
7.
What figure of speech does lady Capulet use in describing Paris?
8.
What idea do you get of Lady Capulet’s character?
9.
What guarded reply does Juliet make to Lady Capulet’s urging Paris suit?
10. What message does a servant bring?
11. Who is the County?
12. What do we learn indirectly in scene 3 about the people in Juliet’s life?
13. What is the dramatic purpose of this?
14. Summarize (in your own words) what happens in scene 3
Essential Question: How do the following literary elements contribute to the theme and dramatic effect of a play?
Character
Scene
Dialogue
Staging
Act,
scene
Page
#
Quotation
“A man, young lady! Lady, such a man
As all the world – Why, he’s a man of wax.” […]
“Read o’er the volume of young Paris’ face,
And find delight write there with beauty’s pen
Examine every married lineament,
And see how one another lends content; […]
And what obscured in this fair volume lies
Find written in the margent of his eyes.
This precious book of love, this unbound lover,
To beautify him only lacks a cover.”
Act I, scene 4 (This scene does not advance the plot)
Act 1,
scene 3
Context (who said it
Significance (why is
to whom AND under
what circumstance)
this quote important?
What does it reveal about
themes or characters?)
1008
(Note also: example of
EXTENDED
METAPHOR )
Pre-reading question: Who is your funniest friend? Why do you consider that person the funniest? Are they also loyal?
1.
Who is introduced in this scene?
2.
Why are the guests masked?
3.
Note Romeo’s pun on “soles” and “soul”; on “soar” and “sore”; on “bound” and “bound”.
4.
Explain “candle-holder”.
5.
What is Mercutio’s character as revealed in his speech?
6.
How does Romeo feel about attending the party?
7.
Note Mercutio’s long speech about Queen Mab. One of its most striking characteristics is its lyrical quality.
8.
What does Mercutio say about dreams?
9.
What is the purpose of Romeo’s speech at the last of the scene?
10. What is the purpose of Benvolio’s speech, “Strike drum.”?
11. Summarize (in your own words)
Essential Question: How do the following literary elements contribute to the theme and dramatic effect of a play?
Character
Scene
Dialogue
Staging
Act,
scene
Act 1,
scene 4
Page
#
1012
Quotation
“Supper is done, and we shall come too late.”
“I fear, too early; for my mind misgives
Some consequence, yet hanging in the stars,
Shall bitterly begin his fearful date
With this night’s revels and expire the term
Of a despised life, closed in my breast,
By some vile forfeit of untimely death.”
Context (who said it
Significance (why is
to whom AND under
what circumstance)
this quote important?
What does it reveal about
themes or characters?)
(Note also: example of
PARADOX and
FORESHADOWING )
Act I, scene 5
Pre-reading question: Have your parents ever banned you from dating a certain person? Why did they do this?
1.
Where does this scene take place?
2.
What are the serving men talking about?
3.
What question does Romeo ask a serving man?
4.
What impression has Juliet made on Romeo?
5.
Who now objects to Romeo’s presence, and what does he say?
6.
What rebuke does Capulet give Tybalt?
7.
How do Romeo and Juliet speak to each other?
8.
How does the action proceed here?
9.
After all except Juliet and the nurse have made their exit, what does Juliet ask the nurse?
10. What is Juliet’s reaction when she learns who Romeo is?
11. What is the situation?
12. What has been accomplished in Act I?
Essential Question: How do the following literary elements contribute to the theme and dramatic effect of a play?
Character
Scene
Dialogue
Staging
Act,
scene
Page
#
Act 1,
scene 5
1013
Act I,
scene 5
1014
Act I,
scene 5
1016
Act I,
scene
1018
Quotation
“O, she doth teach the torches to burn bright
It seems she hangs upon the cheek of night
As a rich jewel in an Ethiop’s ear—
Beauty too rich for use, for earth too dear.”
“This, by his voice, should be a Montague.
Fetch me my rapier boy, What dares the slave
Come hither, covered with an antic face […]”
If I profane with my unworthiest hand
This holy shrine, the gentle sin this:
My lips, two blushing pilgrims, ready stand
To smooth that rough touch with a tender kiss.”
“My only love sprung from my only hate!
Too early seem unknown, and know too late.”
Context (who said it to
whom AND under
what circumstance)
Significance (why is this
quote important? What
does it reveal about
themes or characters?)
(Note also: example of
METAPHOR)
(Note also: example of
PARADOX)
Romeo and Juliet, ACT II PREREADING VOCABULARY
Look up each of the following words in your glossary or in a dictionary, and write its definition. Then
complete each sentence that follows by using the best word from the list. Each word will used only once.
1. access__________________________________________________________________
2. extremities ______________________________________________________________
3. counsel ___________________________________________________________
4. perjuries___________________________________________________________
5. perverse___________________________________________________________
6. vile_______________________________________________________________
7. intercession________________________________________________________
8. rancor____________________________________________________________
9. perchance_________________________________________________________
10. incorporate________________________________________________________
1. The plan is to ______________________ Bridgeville School and Greenwood School into one school,
which will be called Greenville.
2. It took many years before the deep ____________________ between the families faded and they began
to treat each other civilly.
3. Davis has ____________________ to our computer files; he is permitted to call them up at any time.
4. The senator was convicted of ________________ before two Senate committees.
5. When Ben is feeling ____________________, he will even argue that it is light at night and dark during
the day.
6. Mr. Burns wanted the ________________ of a lawyer before signing the contract.
7. The _________________ of the city were hardly populated at all.
8. The witch in Snow White is a mean, ____________________ creature.
9. His last words were “We’ll meet again, ________________________, somewhere in this world.”
10. Only Mrs. Boone’s ______________________ kept the argument from getting worse.
Act II, scene 1
Pre-reading question: To what lengths would you go to be with the person you love? Would you run away from home? Would you
quit school?