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Infectious Disease Terms Causes of Infectious Disease Pathogen: any agent that can cause a disease Bacteria: tiny, single celled organisms that can cause disease Virus: disease causing particles made up of genetic material and a protein coat, the smallest pathogen Fungi: Organisms that absorb and use the nutrients of living or dead organisms Protozoans: this pathogen accounts for diseases that are leading causes of death throughout some parts of the world Parasites: this pathogen gets its nutrients by feeding on other living things. Vocabulary Terms Infectious Disease: Any disease that is caused by an agent that has invaded the body. Hygiene: the best way to prevent fungal infections Prevention: the best way to take care of infections CDC or NIH: Name on of the agencies that are working to prevent, treat, and eliminate infectious disease Symptoms: the changes that you notice in your body or mind that are caused by a disease or disorder Communicable Disease: a disease that is usually passed from one person to another Common Bacterial Infectious Diseases Tetanus: Found in the soil and causes severe muscle cramps, this infection can be prevented through vaccinations and booster. Strep Throat: Symptoms of this infection are soar throat, fever, and yellow or white specks on the tonsils. Meningitis: an inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. Symptoms might include: headache, fever, stiff neck, sensitivity to light, nausea Sinus Infection: Feeling of pressure in the head, swollen and tender sinuses and spread by contact with the mucous. Salmonella: a bacterial infection of the digestive system usually spread by eating contaminated foods. Common Viral Infections Flu: This virus’ symptoms include headache, sore muscles, sore throat, fever, etc. Vaccinations are available each year to try and prevent this. Cold: Spread by saliva or mucous of an infected person, very common. Measles and Mumps: The treatment to this infection is that there are no specific treatments but get a vaccination Hepatitis: inflammation of the liver and jaundice Mononucleosis: Symptoms include: Swollen lymph nodes, fever, weakness, tired, sore throat. Other Common Infections Amebic Dysentery: an inflammation of the intestine caused by ameba. Malaria: The most widespread and serious of protozoan infections. Spread through mosquitoes Athletes Foot: Fungal infection of the feet from a warm, moist living environment Lyme Disease: Parasitic Infection caused by disease Tapeworm: this parasitic infection attaches to the intestinal wall using suckers and hooks on their head Spanish Flu: In 1918 a strain of flu viruses called the Spanish Flu became a pandemic. By 1920 the pandemic had killed at least 20 million people. This is more people than were killed in combat of 4 years of World War I. How does your body fight off disease? Physical Barriers: The skin, mucous membranes, chemicals, and anything you put on your body Inflammatory Response: a reaction to injury or infection that is characterized by pain, swelling, and redness Vaccines: substances usually prepared from killed or weakened pathogens or from genetic material and that is introduced to the body to produce immunity. Lymphatic System: a network of vessels that carry a clear fluid called lymph White Blood Cells: primary job is to defend the body against disease Antibiotics: Medication to treat bacterial infections Antiviral: Medication to treat viral infections Name One (page 324-328) There are eight ways you can stay well: Name one way (8) There are four ways to prevent the spread of infection-Name one way (5) There are 5 signs That you need to seek Medical Care – Name one way (5)