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Download Geohelminth and Cryptosporidium infection in young Nigerian
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Child (child/children) Project Title File Ref Project Summary Geohelminth and Cryptosporidium infection in young Nigerian children SS*/2007/162 Background:Geohelminths are important, widespread infections in developing countries with Ascaris lumbricoides infecting 1472 million people, Trichuris trichiura 1049 million and hookworm 1298 million and morbidity assessed as disability adjusted life years is about 39 million. The manifestations of severe disease include fatal intestinal obstruction, severe anaemia, chronic dysentery and rectal prolapse. Evidence has also accumulated that moderate to severe infections can interfere with growth, appetite, physical fitness, work capacity and cognitive development. Furthermore, infection with Geohelminths affects the outcome of other important infectious diseases such as Malaria, HIV/AIDS and Tuberculosis and renewed interest in the consequences of helminth infection in the context of the hygiene hypothesis, all greatly enhance the public health significance of these parasites.Previous studies have focused particularly upon the relationship between geohelminths and nutritional morbidity and cognitive development in school age children (5 to 15 years). WHO in their report of the 3rd Global meeting of the Partners for Parasite control (2005) re-emphasised their target of “regular treatment of at least 75% of all school-age children at risk of morbidity due to schistosomiasis and soiltransmitted helminths infections by the year 2010”. Important new data has emerged to indicate that children under 5 years are also at risk from infection with geohelminths but these children have been excluded from universal chemotherapy programmes in developing countries. In 2002, WHO organised an informal consultation to assess the current recommendations with regard to the treatment of children under the age of 2 years. The report which emerged from the consultation concluded that there was a paucity of data on the epidemiology of geohelminths in these young children and recommended that such studies be carried out including the relationship between geohelminths and other important infections. A number of papers described in the report highlighted the beneficial effects of treatment for geohelminths in these young children, including improved nutritional status, reduced risk of stunting, reduced wasting, reduced moderate anemia and increases in motor and language development.The proposed project will form part of a wider project entitled “The relationship between geohelminth infection and malaria in children between 12 and 60 months” funded by the Health Research Board under the Health Research Board 2006 Project Title File Ref Project Summary Global Health Research Awards (GHRA-06-07). The main aim of the summer project is to determine the prevalence and intensity of geohelminth infection in a sample of 1 to 5 year old children from four Nigerian villages. A secondary aims will be to detect Cryptosporidium infection in these children. Thirdly, the relationship between geohelminths, Cryptosporidium and malaria will be explored statistically. Finally, the relationship between host factors and co-infections will be investigated statistically. Therefore, the applicant will have the opportunity to receive training in the diagnosis of several important human parasites and to understand, enter and statistically analyse parasitological and questionnaire data. Furthermore, he will become familiar with important global health issues by means of interacting with postdoctoral and doctoral members of Professor Holland’s team. *SS - Summer student Health Research Board 2006