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2015 LIFE SCIENCE HAT REVIEW Investigating Cell Theory (LS.2) KEY TERMS *cell membrane *cell wall *cytoplasm *vacuole *mitochondrion *endoplasmic reticulum *nucleus *chloroplast Similarities between plant and animal cells: Label the organelles of the plant cell below: List the 3 parts of the cell theory below: 1. 2. 3. Scientist Discovery Looked at cork; noticed boxes like cells Viewed animalcules; first to see bacteria Concluded all plant parts are made up of cells Cells come from existing cells Types of Cell Division: What is the difference between active transport and passive transport? Label the stages of mitosis: I= P= M= A= T= What are two differences between mitosis and meiosis? Label the organelles of the animal cell below: Investigating Patterns of Cellular Organization (LS.3) KEY TERMS *unicellular: *multicellular: *respiration: *digestion: *excretion: *growth: *reproduction: *active transport: *passive transport: Based on March 2007 Henrico County Public Schools Science SOL Review Guide Cell Theory 2015 LIFE SCIENCE HAT REVIEW Levels of Organization Put the following in the correct order. Use 1 for the smallest and 5 for the largest level of organization in living things. ____ tissues Role of DNA Fill in the blanks with the correct terms. DNA is coded instruction that store and pass ______ information from one generation to the next. ____ organ systems ____ cells DNA rungs are made of four sets of ________ _____ and a backbone of _________ and _____. ____ organisms ____ organs Types of Transport Define the terms and describe the types of transport. Define osmosis: List the four nitrogen bases on the right side and the matching bases on the left side then draw an arrow between them. _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ Write the name or names of the scientists that completed each example. Describe what is happening in the picture above: __________ _________& __________ Define diffusion: __________ Describe what is happening in the picture above: Investigating Heredity and Genetics (LS.13) The father of genetics. Created the first model of DNA; won the nobel prize. First took pictures of DNA. Punnett Square In the following Punnett square one parent is homozygous recessive (green) and one parent is heterozygous dominant (yellow). List the possible phenotypes (2) below: KEY TERMS List the possible *DNA: genotypes (3) below: *gene: *allele: Label the genotypes as *homozygous: homozygous, *heterozygous: heterozygous and *chromosome: dominant or recessive. *phenotype: *genotype: *dominant:Based on March 2007 Henrico County Public Schools Science SOL Review Guide *recessive: *hybrid: 2015 LIFE SCIENCE HAT REVIEW What is the ratio, percent and fraction of phenotypes in the Punnett square above? Ratio = Percent = Fraction = What is the ratio, percent and fraction of the genotypes in the Punnett square above? Ratio = Percent = Fraction = Investigating the Classification of Organisms (LS.5) KEY TERMS: *taxonomic key *dichotomous key *phototropism *eutrophication *succession *dormancy *hibernation Animal Snail Fish Earthworm Anemone Frog Jellyfish Starfish Alligator Crayfish Ant Elephant Coral Phylum Plant Phyla Levels of Classification (King Phillip Came Over For Good Spaghetti) KPCOFGS- Binomial nomenclature: This is the method of naming organisms scientifically using the genus and species. Highlight the genus and underline the species names of the following organisms. Pisum sativam Mangifera indica Ficus bengalensis Glycine max Animal Phyla List the animal phylum for each animal. Rana hexadactyla Felis domestica Canis familiaris Naja naja List the plant phyla and an example of each. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. The Six Kingdoms: Highlight the characteristics of each kingdom. Some may have both highlighted. Archaebacteria Unicellular/multicellular Prokaryote/eukaryote Heterotroph/autotroph Asexual/sexual Aquatic/terrestrial/air Motile/non-motile Unicellular/multicellular Eubacteria Prokaryote/eukaryote Heterotroph/autotroph Asexual/sexual Aquatic/terrestrial/air Motile/non-motile Based on March 2007 Henrico County Public Schools Science SOL Review Guide 2015 LIFE SCIENCE HAT REVIEW Protista Fungi Plant Animal Unicellular/multicellular Prokaryote/eukaryote Heterotroph/autotroph Asexual/sexual Aquatic/terrestrial/air Motile/non-motile Unicellular/multicellular Prokaryote/eukaryote Heterotroph/autotroph Asexual/sexual Aquatic/terrestrial/air Motile/non-motile Unicellular/multicellular Prokaryote/eukaryote Heterotroph/autotroph Asexual/sexual Aquatic/terrestrial/air Motile/non-motile Unicellular/multicellular Prokaryote/eukaryote Heterotroph/autotroph Asexual/sexual Aquatic/terrestrial/air Motile/non-motile Investigating Photosynthesis (LS.6) KEY FACT: Photosynthesis is the foundation of all food webs! Investigating Energy Flow (LS.7) KEY TERMS: * producer: * consumer: * decomposer: * heterotroph: * autotroph: Label the parts of the water cycle: (Define evaporation, condensation and precipitation) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The Carbon Cycle (aka Carbon-Oxygen) Explain the carbon-oxygen cycle below. Equation for Photosynthesis List the reactants and products for photosynthesis. Reactants: Products: Explanation: Based on March 2007 Henrico County Public Schools Science SOL Review Guide 2015 LIFE SCIENCE HAT REVIEW The Nitrogen Cycle Complete the nitrogen cycle below: Add pictures to symbolize each part of the cycle. Food Chain and Food Web Practice: Highlight in blue the path of one food chain in the food web below. Producer = Consumer (first level) = Consumer (second level) = Energy Flow Matching Match the description to the term. 1. _____ Herbivore 2. _____ Carnivore 3. _____ Decomposer 4. _____ Omnivore 5. _____ Producer 6. _____ Consumers A. an organism that can use sunlight in order to produce its own food (autotroph) B. an organism that only eats producers C. an organism that breaks down dead or decaying organisms D. an organism that will eat producers and consumers E. an organism that will only eat other consumers F. an organism that eats in order to obtain energy (heterotroph) Investigating Communities (LS.9) What is the difference between a food chain and a food web? Energy Pyramid: Create and label an energy pyramid. KEY TERMS: *competition *cooperation *social hierarchy *territorial imperative *niche *predator *prey *parasite *host Examples of Symbiotic Relationship: Match the relationship to the example. Examples can be used more than once. A. Commensalism B. Mutualism C. Parasitism Based on March 2007 Henrico County Public Schools Science SOL Review Guide 2015 LIFE SCIENCE HAT REVIEW ___ 1. Plover bird gets food by acting as a toothpick for a crocodile. ___ 2. The cattle egret eats the insects that are escaping as cattle graze in the field. ___ 3. A tick sucks the blood from a deer. ___ 4. A tapeworm in a dog gains energy from the dog but the dog loses nutrition due to the tapeworm. ___ 5. Ostriches and zebras move together to warn each other of impending danger because the ostrich sees well and the zebra hears well. Investigating Adaptation and Change KEY TERMS: *eutrophication *phototropism *community *population *biome *ecosystem *adaptation *permafrost *taiga *canopy *deciduous *nocturnal Clouds Corpse Snail Fish Paper Glass Aluminum Wooden ruler Sand Steak Pork chops Salad Bread Plant Hair Shape of bird beaks: Type of arms or legs: Color of fur or feathers: Shape of facial features (nose, eyes, ears): Water Ecosystems List plants and animals that are found in each type of water ecosystem. Freshwater Rivers and Streams Marine Shorelines Ponds and Lakes Temperate oceans Wetlands Tropical oceans REMEMBER: An estuary has mixed salt and freshwater (brackish water). Abiotic and Biotic Factors Put an A beside abiotic factors and a B beside biotic factors in and ecosystem. Whale Clock Water Adaptations List adaptation examples for the following: Finger nails Pipe Cotton fabric Wool Gold Plastic Grapes Air Descriptions of Biomes (from coldest to hottest) Tundra Coniferous Forest Temperature: Rainfall: Plants: Animals: Terms: permafrost Movie: Happy Feet Temperature: Rainfall: Plants: Animals: Terms: conifer, taiga Movie: Brother Bear Based on March 2007 Henrico County Public Schools Science SOL Review Guide 2015 LIFE SCIENCE HAT REVIEW Deciduous Forest Rainforest Grasslands or Savannah Desert Temperature: Rainfall: Plants: Animals: Terms: deciduous Movie: Pocahontas Temperature: Rainfall: Plants: Animals: Terms: canopy Movie: Tarzan Temperature: Rainfall: Plants: Animals: Terms: Movie: Lion King Temperature: Rainfall: Plants: Animals: Terms: nocturnal Movie: Aladdin Investigating Biological Evolution (LS.14) KEY TERMS *mutation *adaptation *natural selection *extinction *fossil record *variation *dormancy *hibernation 2. A doctor hits your knee and you kick your leg. 3. Your mom wakes you up by turning on the lights in your room. 4. You whistle at your dogs and they run towards you. 5. You are hyper because you drank a soda at lunch. Needs of Living Things Explain why living things need the following items. TOWEL- Temperature Oxygen Water Energy Living space Characteristics of Living Things Describe how each of the following terms relate to living things. Digestion Respiration Nutrition Excretion Reproduction Develop Investigating Experimental Design (LS.1) KEY TERMS *prediction *inference *experiment *hypothesis *independent variable Stimulus and Response *dependent variable Bold the stimulus and underline the *variable response in the following examples: *control *constant 1. You flinch when a dodge ball is thrown *repeated trials towards you. *mean *median *mode Based on March 2007 Henrico County Public Schools Science SOL Review Guide 2015 LIFE SCIENCE HAT REVIEW Scientific Method List the stages of the scientific method. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Scale Model Examples 5 cm 32 cm 53.7 cm 1) How big is a horsefly if 1 cm = 1m? 2) How big is the ghost if 1 cm = 20 cm? 3) How big is the kitty if 1 cm = 10 cm? Types of Graphs Label each type of graph pictured below and explain when you would use it. 1. If an object has a mass of 25 grams and a volume of 5 mL, what is its density? 2. What is the volume of a 2 cm cube? Metric Conversions Complete the following conversions. 1) 50 kg = (?) mg 2) 200 g = (?) cg 3) 72 L = (?) mL 4) 11.90 daK = (?) dK 5) 60 s = (?) ms Scientific Notation Write the numbers below in expanded form. 1) 9.87 x 105 = 2) 2.09 x 10-8 = Write in scientific notation. 1) 9,243,000 = 2) .00004945 = Type: Use: Type: Use: Type: Use: Type: Use: Density Equations Complete the following problems: Density = Mass / Volume Volume = Length X Width X Height Equipment Label the following pieces of lab equipment, what they measure and the units Name: Measures: Units: Name: Measures: Units: Name: Measures: Units: Name: Measures: Units: Based on March 2007 Henrico County Public Schools Science SOL Review Guide LIFE SCIENCE HAT REVIEW 2015 Review Notes... Based on March 2007 Henrico County Public Schools Science SOL Review Guide