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Nicolaus Copernicus Nicolaus Copernicus Johannes Kepler Johannes Kepler Galileo Galilei Galileo Galilei William Harvey William Harvey Isaac Newton Isaac Newton Thomas Hobbes Thomas Hobbes John Locke John Locke Voltaire Voltaire Baron de Montesquieu Baron de Montesquieu Jean Jacques Rousseau Jean Jacques Rousseau Miguel de Cervantes Miguel de Cervantes Johann Sebastian Bach Johann Sebastian Bach Wolfgang Mozart Wolfgang Mozart Ludwig von Beethoven Ludwig von Beethoven Eugene Delacroix Eugene Delacroix Nicolaus Copernicus Developed heliocentric theory Heliocentric theory—Earth revolves around the sun Johannes Kepler Proved heliocentric theory Discovered theory of planetary motion-planets revolve in elliptical orbits around the sun Galileo Galilei Proved heliocentric theory and established laws of motion Used telescope to support heliocentric theory Isaac Newton Scientist who discovered laws of motion Wrote Principia—laws of motion and gravity Developed calculus William Harvey Discovered circulation of blood Blood in humans circulated by heart throughout the human body Thomas Hobbes Wrote Leviathan The state must have central authority to manage behavior Government created to protect people from their evil ways Main purpose of government-contract with people to stop society from falling into disorder John Locke Wrote Two Treatises of Government People are sovereign-power from the people Monarchs are not chosen by God Governments are to protect the right to life, liberty and property People have the right/duty to rebel if government does not protect these rights Voltaire Wrote Candide Religious toleration should triumph over religious fanaticism Separation of church and state Freedom of the press Baron de Montesquieu Wrote The Spirit of the Laws The best form of government includes separation of powers Three branches of government—legislative, executive, judicial Jean Jacques Rousseau Wrote The Social Contract Government is a contract between rulers and the people Government receives power from the people, ie. democracy People are good, but civilization and institutions make them bad Return to nature Miguel de Cervantes Wrote Don Quixote First novel Johann Sebastian Bach Composer of Baroque music Wrote baroque music for the organ Wolfgang Mozart Composer Wrote symphonies Wrote Operas-Marriage of Figaro and The Magic Flute Ludwig von Beethoven Composer Wrote symphonies—5th Symphony, Fur Elise Eugene Delacroix Artist/Painter Nationalistic painter Painted Liberty Leading the People