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Ancient Greek and Roman Literature Literature 3 of the Earliest Greek Poets ► Homer (c. 1000 B.C.) known as the “blind poet,” he gave a written account of Greek mythology in his epic poetry: The Iliad is an account of the Trojan War The Odyssey is an account of Odysseus’ journey to his island home after the Trojan War. ► Hesiod (c. 900 B.C.) was a poor farmer whose life was hard and bitter. He emphasized Zeus as a just god and defender of the poor Theogony is an account of the creation of the universe ► Pinder (c. 600 B.C.) known as the greatest lyric poet Odes in honor of athletic victors. These Odes alluded to various myths. Greek Dramatists ► Aeschylus (c. 500 B.C.) wrote Tragedies Agamemnon is a story of how the king returns to Athens after the Trojan war, only to be killed by his wife ► Sophocles (c. 400 B.C.) wrote Tragedies Antigone is a story of a woman who seeks a proper burial for her brother Oedipus is a story of a man who accidentally kills his father and marries his mother ► Euripides (c. 400 B.C.) wrote Tragedies Medea is the story of a revengeful wife who kills her children ► Aristophanes (c. 400 B.C.) wrote Comedies The Clouds Greek History and Philosophy ► Herodotus (c. 400s B.C.) was considered the 1st European ► Socrates (c. 400’s B.C.) 1st great philosopher historian Wrote history of the Persian Wars used a dialectic (series of questions called the Socratic method) to examine philosophical ideas ► Plato (300’s B.C.) disciple of Socrates wrote Socratic Dialogues-ideas he learned from Socrates as well as his own ideas in many works including one called The Republic ► Aristotle (300’s B.C.) disciple of Plato wrote Metaphysics Ancient Roman Poets ► Ovid (43 B.C.-17 A.D.) during Caesar Augustus’ reign Wrote a compendium of mythology including Metamorphoses ► Virgil (70 B.C.-19 A.D.) during Caesar Augustus’ reign The Aeneid --an account of Aeneas fleeing from burning Troy and staring a new race of people, the Romans. ► Apuleius (200 B.C.) Wrote about Cupid and Psyche