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Download Chapter 11 The Civil War Guided Notes
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The American Civil War: 1861-1865 Section One: The Civil War Begins Leader of the North: ______________________________ Leader of the South: ________________________________ Northern Advantages and Disadvantages Population: ____ million people ___ of industry goods Efficient ____________________ system Better __________ - used to blockade the southern ports Have to take the war to the ___________ Good leaders but troops lack __________________ The North’s Plan in achieving military victory is referred to as the ___________________________ Southern Advantages and Disadvantages Confederates had excellent ____________ (Robert E. Lee & Stonewall Jackson) _________________ their homeland is easier than attacking ___________________ fight better than factory workers King _____________ dominated the economy _______________ population of 9 million (3.5 million slaves) Have to _________ industrial goods List 3 new weapons during the Civil War: First Battle of __________________________ was fought on July 1861 in Virginia Confederate victory The North lost _______________ Battle of the Ironclads Steam-propelled warship covered by iron The North’s ironclad was called __________________ The South’s ironclad was called __________________ The Battle of the Ironclads too k place on __________________, 1862 Battle of Antietam ______________________ 17th, 1862 Maryland General Robert E. Lee moving troops into Maryland Single ____________________ day of the war ____________________ victory Lincoln fires McClellan Lincoln issues the _________________________ Proclamation Emancipation Proclamation It freed the slaves only in the states that have ________________ from the Union. It did not free slaves in the ________________ states. Gave people a high ________________ purpose Kept ________________ form supporting the South The Battle of Shiloh April 6-7, 1862 ______________: 69,000 troops (lost – 13,000) South: ________________ troops (lost – 10,700) Confederate loss allows Union to advance into ___________________________ Guided Notes Section Two: The Politics of War Abraham Lincoln ______________________: Preserve the Union!!! One of the top ___ Presidents in U.S. History Issues the Emancipation Proclamation Free the slaves ______________________________ Does not free slaves in the border states ___________________________ and __________________ reasons Lincoln suspends _____________________________ Court order to determine why a person was arrested Many ___________________________ detained Northern Democrats who wanted peace with the South Confederate President Jefferson Davis also suspends Habeas Corpus Great Britain The _________________ thought Great Britain and other countries would help them against the North The British had _________________________ cotton before the war started Great Britain also found other sources such as ________________ Most British people were _______________ slavery British began to trade with the North for ________________ The South sends delegates to Great Britain to try to gain ____________________ The Draft ________________________: military draft used by both sides. South: law in 1862 ages _______________ 17-50 after 1864 Exempted if owned ______ or more slaves North: law in 1863 ages _____________ (3 yrs) War only had 46,000 draftees out of ____ million that served NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863) Poor white (_______________) resent fighting a war to free slaves Feared ________________ would take away their jobs _______ people died during riots Section Three: Life During Wartime African Americans Fight for Freedom 1862 – Congress passes law allowing African Americans to serve in _____________________ (after Emancipation Proclamation African American soldiers served in ____________________ regiments Until 1864, black soldiers earned $_____/month and white soldiers earned $_____/month Mortality rate was ___________________ for black soldiers Labor duty Confederacy would kill Union black soldier Fort Wagner, SC Also called _____________________ Wagner on Morris Island, SC July 11, 1863 ____________________ attack was led by the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Colonel ____________________________ led the black regiment Union lost and many were buried close to the fort Confederates _________________________ fort due to decomposition of bodies contaminating their fresh water Remains of Union troops washed out to sea from ________________________ Nathan Bedford Forrest @ Fort Pillow _________ African Americans _________ White soldier Ordered black soldiers murdered after they surrendered Many white soldiers were killed as well Became the first Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan after the war Southern Shortages Why? Men _______________ for the army Union occupation of food-growing areas ____________ of slaves working in the field Meat, rive, and corn were in short supply 1861, family spent ___________/month on food 1863, family spent _________/month on food Union _______________________ cripples South Shortages in salt, sugar, coffee, needles, medicine Northern Economic Growth Good ________________________ growth due toned for uniforms, shoes, guns, and other supplies More ____________________ went to work in factories Bad Congress passes nation’s first ___________________________ _________________ did not keep up with prices “The Age of _______________________”: Corruption, raggy uniforms, spoiled meat, high prices for guns Soldiers Suffer Lived among ______________________, spoiled food, human excrement Little regard for personal _______________________ Body lice, dysentery, diarrhea What they ate North: _________________, beans, pickled beef, hardtack South: “_______________” – cube of beef, cornbread Andersonville ______________________________ Prison 33,000 _________________ soldiers _________ shelter Creek serves as drinking water and ____________________ Section Four: The North Takes Charge Battle of Gettysburg (July 1-3, 1863) – Pennsylvania Causes General __________ takes battle to the North Significance ______________win ____________________ battle ever fought in Western Hemisphere ______________________________ of the war for the Union Lee _____________________ again invades the North What does Lincoln issue after this battle? Battle of Vicksburg (July 4th, 1863) – Mississippi Causes Part of the North’s _____________________________ Significance _______________ South from east and west (Texas, Arkansas, Louisiana) North now controls ____________________________ River Sherman’s March to the Sea Sherman destroyed ____________________ on September 2, 1864 How many states did Sherman’s army march through? The last major battle fought in the Civil War was at ___________________________, NC on March 19, 1865 Election of 1864 Abraham Lincoln and _____________________ How many states did McClellan win? Which area in the United States did not vote? Appomattox Courthouse (April 9, 1865) Causes South is very ___________ on supplies Confederates are ____________________________ Significance Lee surrenders __________________________________________ Union wins! Section Five: The Legacy of the War Over ____________________ military deaths during the Civil War Effects of the Civil War Creation of single ______________ economy _____ Amendment abolished slavery Increased power of the federal government U.S. now an _______________________ nation Western lands increasingly opened to settlement _______________ was economically and physically devastated with plantation system crippled ________________________________ (rebuilding the U.S.) ______ million freed African Americans South still had a deep ____________________ of the North The Assassination of Lincoln April 14th, 1865: ________ days after surrender at Appomattox Court House Place: ________________ Theatre Killer: ________________________________ “Sic semper tyrannis” – Thus be it ever to tyrants 7 million turned out to mourn Lincoln