Download Chapter 11 The Civil War Guided Notes

The American Civil War: 1861-1865
Section One: The Civil War Begins
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Leader of the North: ______________________________
Leader of the South: ________________________________
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Northern Advantages and Disadvantages
 Population: ____ million people
 ___ of industry goods
 Efficient ____________________ system
 Better __________ - used to blockade the southern ports
 Have to take the war to the ___________
 Good leaders but troops lack __________________
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The North’s Plan in achieving military victory is referred to as the ___________________________
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Southern Advantages and Disadvantages
 Confederates had excellent ____________ (Robert E. Lee & Stonewall Jackson)
 _________________ their homeland is easier than attacking
 ___________________ fight better than factory workers
 King _____________ dominated the economy
 _______________ population of 9 million (3.5 million slaves)
 Have to _________ industrial goods
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List 3 new weapons during the Civil War:
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First Battle of __________________________ was fought on July 1861 in Virginia
 Confederate victory
 The North lost _______________
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Battle of the Ironclads
 Steam-propelled warship covered by iron
 The North’s ironclad was called __________________
 The South’s ironclad was called __________________
 The Battle of the Ironclads too k place on __________________, 1862
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Battle of Antietam
 ______________________ 17th, 1862
 Maryland
 General Robert E. Lee moving troops into Maryland
 Single ____________________ day of the war
 ____________________ victory
 Lincoln fires McClellan
 Lincoln issues the _________________________ Proclamation
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Emancipation Proclamation
 It freed the slaves only in the states that have ________________ from the Union.
 It did not free slaves in the ________________ states.
 Gave people a high ________________ purpose
 Kept ________________ form supporting the South
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The Battle of Shiloh
 April 6-7, 1862
 ______________: 69,000 troops (lost – 13,000)
 South: ________________ troops (lost – 10,700)
 Confederate loss allows Union to advance into ___________________________
Guided Notes
Section Two: The Politics of War
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Abraham Lincoln
 ______________________: Preserve the Union!!!
 One of the top ___ Presidents in U.S. History
 Issues the Emancipation Proclamation
Free the slaves ______________________________
Does not free slaves in the border states
___________________________ and __________________ reasons
 Lincoln suspends _____________________________
Court order to determine why a person was arrested
 Many ___________________________ detained
Northern Democrats who wanted peace with the South
 Confederate President Jefferson Davis also suspends Habeas Corpus
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Great Britain
 The _________________ thought Great Britain and other countries would help them against the North
 The British had _________________________ cotton before the war started
 Great Britain also found other sources such as ________________
 Most British people were _______________ slavery
 British began to trade with the North for ________________
 The South sends delegates to Great Britain to try to gain ____________________
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The Draft
 ________________________: military draft used by both sides.
 South: law in 1862
ages _______________
17-50 after 1864
Exempted if owned ______ or more slaves
 North: law in 1863
ages _____________ (3 yrs)
 War only had 46,000 draftees out of ____ million that served
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NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)
 Poor white (_______________) resent fighting a war to free slaves
 Feared ________________ would take away their jobs
 _______ people died during riots
Section Three: Life During Wartime
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African Americans Fight for Freedom
 1862 – Congress passes law allowing African Americans to serve in _____________________ (after Emancipation
Proclamation
 African American soldiers served in ____________________ regiments
 Until 1864, black soldiers earned $_____/month and white soldiers earned $_____/month
 Mortality rate was ___________________ for black soldiers
Labor duty
Confederacy would kill Union black soldier
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Fort Wagner, SC
 Also called _____________________ Wagner on Morris Island, SC
 July 11, 1863
 ____________________ attack was led by the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry
 Colonel ____________________________ led the black regiment
 Union lost and many were buried close to the fort
 Confederates _________________________ fort due to decomposition of bodies contaminating their fresh water
 Remains of Union troops washed out to sea from ________________________
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Nathan Bedford Forrest @ Fort Pillow
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_________ African Americans
_________ White soldier
Ordered black soldiers murdered after they surrendered
Many white soldiers were killed as well
Became the first Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan after the war
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Southern Shortages
 Why?
Men _______________ for the army
Union occupation of food-growing areas
____________ of slaves working in the field
 Meat, rive, and corn were in short supply
1861, family spent ___________/month on food
1863, family spent _________/month on food
 Union _______________________ cripples South
Shortages in salt, sugar, coffee, needles, medicine
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Northern Economic Growth
 Good
________________________ growth due toned for uniforms, shoes, guns, and other supplies
More ____________________ went to work in factories
 Bad
Congress passes nation’s first ___________________________
_________________ did not keep up with prices
“The Age of _______________________”: Corruption, raggy uniforms, spoiled meat, high prices for guns
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Soldiers Suffer
 Lived among ______________________, spoiled food, human excrement
 Little regard for personal _______________________
Body lice, dysentery, diarrhea
 What they ate
North: _________________, beans, pickled beef, hardtack
South: “_______________” – cube of beef, cornbread
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Andersonville
 ______________________________ Prison
 33,000 _________________ soldiers
 _________ shelter
 Creek serves as drinking water and ____________________
Section Four: The North Takes Charge
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Battle of Gettysburg (July 1-3, 1863) – Pennsylvania
 Causes
General __________ takes battle to the North
 Significance
______________win
____________________ battle ever fought in Western Hemisphere
______________________________ of the war for the Union
Lee _____________________ again invades the North
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What does Lincoln issue after this battle?
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Battle of Vicksburg (July 4th, 1863) – Mississippi
 Causes
Part of the North’s _____________________________
 Significance
_______________ South from east and west (Texas, Arkansas, Louisiana)
North now controls ____________________________ River
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Sherman’s March to the Sea
 Sherman destroyed ____________________ on September 2, 1864
 How many states did Sherman’s army march through?
 The last major battle fought in the Civil War was at ___________________________, NC on March 19, 1865
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Election of 1864
 Abraham Lincoln and _____________________
 How many states did McClellan win?
 Which area in the United States did not vote?
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Appomattox Courthouse (April 9, 1865)
 Causes
South is very ___________ on supplies
Confederates are ____________________________
 Significance
Lee surrenders
__________________________________________
Union wins!
Section Five: The Legacy of the War
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Over ____________________ military deaths during the Civil War
Effects of the Civil War
 Creation of single ______________ economy
 _____ Amendment  abolished slavery
 Increased power of the federal government
 U.S. now an _______________________ nation
 Western lands increasingly opened to settlement
 _______________ was economically and physically devastated with plantation system crippled
 ________________________________ (rebuilding the U.S.)
 ______ million freed African Americans
 South still had a deep ____________________ of the North
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The Assassination of Lincoln
 April 14th, 1865: ________ days after surrender at Appomattox Court House
 Place: ________________ Theatre
 Killer: ________________________________
“Sic semper tyrannis” – Thus be it ever to tyrants
 7 million turned out to mourn Lincoln