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AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL KUWAIT Humanities Study Guide Criteria C: Timeline Expansion Map Influences Map Italian Peninsula Map Analyzing Cause and Effect Negative and Positive Effects Compare and Contrast Reading and Questions Vocabulary Roman Empire Map Roman Republic Understanding For the final humanities exam students will need to have a ruler, pencil, eraser, and 4 colored pencils (preferably red, blue, green, and purple). The final exam will cover the content from three chapters of the Rome Unit. Students should reread the chapters and review work completed from the workbook. Chapter 32: Geography and the early development of Rome o Textbook pages 309-315 o Workbook pages 218-224 Chapter 33: The Rise of the Roman Republic o Textbook pages 317-321 o Textbook pages 226-228 Chapter 34: From Republic to Empire o Textbook pages 323-333 o Textbook pages 229-234 Vocabulary Directions: Write the definition of the word and use it in a sentence that is relevant and correctly used in context to ancient Rome. Example: Punic Wars Definition: Wars fought between Rome and Carthage. Sentence: During the second period of expansion, Rome was involved in the Punic Wars, which were fought against Carthage, to expand its territory. 1. Rome 2. Myth 3. Etruscans 4. Greeks 5. Palatine 6. Gladiators 7. Cuniculus 8. Arch 9. Circus Maximus 10. Greco-Roman Art 11. Republic 12. Patricians 13. Plebeians 14. Senate 15. Consul 16. Conflict of Orders 17. Tribunes 18. Veto 19. Constitution 20. Empire 21. Expansion 22. Civil War 23. Territory 24. Punic Wars 25. Carthage 26. Spartacus 27. Julius Caesar 28. Marc Anthony 29. Octavian 30. Dictator Roman Empire Map Directions: Label as many areas relating to the Roman Empire as you can. Roman Republic Understanding Directions: Draw a diagram showing how the Roman Republic functioned. In addition, explain the powers each part of the government and how it worked with other parts of the Roman government. Consul #1 Consul #2 Tribunes Senate Council of Plebs Citizen Assemblies Venn diagram Directions: Create a Venn diagram comparing and contrasting the two social classes in ancient Rome. Directions: Create a Venn diagram comparing and contrasting the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. Analyzing Cause and Effect Directions: Fill in the chart in bullet point form to show the cause and effects of the listed events. #1 Long-term cause Immediate Cause →→→→ →→→→ Event →→→→ Immediate Effect Long-Term Effect →→→→ Plebeians march out of Rome! #2 Long-term cause Immediate Cause →→→→ →→→→ Event →→→→ Immediate Effect Long-Term Effect →→→→ Punic Wars #3 Long-term cause Immediate Cause →→→→ →→→→ Event →→→→ Immediate Effect Long-Term Effect →→→→ Rome’s Allies Revolt 91 B.C.E. Positive and Negative effects of Roman expansion Directions: Use the matrix below to explain the positive and negative effects of Roman expansion. For each time period listed in the first column, complete the other columns as follows: In the second column, briefly describe the key events of the time period. Where appropriate, include information about where those events happened and important people who were involved. In the third and fourth columns, list one positive effect and one negative effect of the expansion during each time period. Time Period Key Events in Roman Expansion Positive Effects of Expansion Negative Effects of Expansion 509-264 BCE 264-146 BCE 145-44 BCE 44 BCE – 14 CE Expansion Map Directions: shade in the appropriate area of the map in a new color to show Roman Expansion. Color in the key to mach each period of expansion. Directions: The chart provided below includes each period of expansion for the Roman Empire. Use the descriptors provided in the far left column to fill in the chart for each period. Descriptors First Period of Second Period of Third Period of Fourth Period of Expansion Expansion Expansion Expansion Countries defeated to expand Roman territory. Territory controlled by the Roman Empire Influences Map Directions: On the map label the two countries that influenced Rome. Now, write cultural influences that were adapted from another culture and influenced Roman society, place each item on the map near the country where it came from. Mediterranean Region, Sixth Century B.C.E. Timeline Directions: Read the following instructions carefully. a) Create an ancient Rome timeline using events form the following passage. b) Your timeline will start with the year 700 B.C.E. and end with the year 300 C.E. moving from left to right. You must decide what increments to use for your timeline. Remember the number of years and the distance on the paper between each increment must be equal (as done in class). c) Use a dot placed on the line to show events that took place within in one year (one year or less as listed below). Use a bar line placed parallel below the timeline to indicate events that took place over more then one year (more than one year as listed in the passage). d) Label each dot or bar line on your timeline. Rome was ruled by Etruscan kings from northern Italy from 616 B.C.E. to 509 B.C.E. However, a group of patricians led by Lucius Junius Brutus carried out a revolt that drove the Etruscan kings out of Rome in 509 B.C.E. The patricians formed a government that did not include the plebeians. Angered by their exclusion to government affairs in Rome, plebeians protest against the patricians by leaving Rome in 494 B.C.E. Patricians negotiate with plebeians and allow plebeians to elect tribunes. In 451 B.C.E., patricians agree to write down laws called the Twelve Tables. A new law is passed in 367 B.C.E., which allows plebeians to become one of the two consuls of Rome. Plebeians become equal to patricians by gaining the right to pass laws for all Roman citizens in 287 B.C.E. At this point Rome goes through a series of expansions. The First Period of Expansion is from 509-264 B.C.E. The Second Period of Expansion is from 264-146 B.C.E. The Third Period of Expansion is from 145-44 B.C.E. and the Fourth and final Period of Expansion is from 43 B.C.E. – 117 C.E. At its height, around 117 CE, the Roman Empire spanned the entire Mediterranean world. However, the empire did not last. Power struggles, border threats, and economic and social problems led to its fall. In 330 CE, the emperor Constantine moved his capital east to Byzantium. After that, power was divided between two emperors, one in Rome and the other in Byzantium. A Germanic tribe invaded Rome in 410 CE and looted the city. In 476 CE, the last emperor in Rome was driven from his throne. Step 1) Write down 5 events that took place within one year: 1. __________________________________________________________________ 2. __________________________________________________________________ 3. __________________________________________________________________ 4. __________________________________________________________________ 5. __________________________________________________________________ Step 2) Write down 5 events that took place over more than one year. 6. __________________________________________________________________ 7. __________________________________________________________________ 8. __________________________________________________________________ 9. __________________________________________________________________ 10. __________________________________________________________________ Place Timeline on this Page Italian Peninsula Map Directions: Use the maps on textbook pages 248, 310, and 329 to assist with the labeling of this map of Italian Peninsula and surrounding areas. Label these physical features: five seas, four islands, three rivers, and two mountain ranges. Label these political features Etruria, Greek settlements, Rome. Italian Peninsula 5th century B.C.E. Reading and Questions “All roads lead to Rome,” boasted the Romans. For thousands of miles, road markers showed the distance to Rome. But more than roads connected the empire’s 50 million people. They were also connected by Roman law, Roman customs, and Roman military might. If Rome was the center of the empire, the forum was the center of Rome. The word forum means “gathering place.” The original forum in Rome was an open area used for merchants’ stalls, races, games, and plays. In time, the Forum became a sprawling complex of government buildings, theaters, meeting halls, temples, and monuments. This collection of buildings and plazas was the heart of Rome’s religious, business, and government life. If you wanted to find out what life was like for people living in the Roman Empire, the forum would be a good place to start. 1. Describe the different ways the populations of the Roman Empire were connected? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 2. Describe the Forum ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 3. Why would observing life in the Forum provide an observer what life was like in the Roman Empire? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 4. What kinds of buildings would you find in the Forum? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________