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SP I Chapter Three
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p. 86 GUSTAR WITH INFINITIVES
1. An infinitive tells the meaning of the verb without naming any subject or tense.
There are three kinds of infinitives in Spanish, those ending in –ar, those ending in –er, and
those ending in –ir.
-ar infinitive
cantar = to sing
-er infinitive
comer = to eat
-ir infinitive
escribir = to write
2. Just like nouns, infinitives can be used after a verb like gustar to say what you and
others like to do.
Me gusta la musica.
(I like music)
Me gusta cantar
(I like to sing)
3. Always use gusta (not gustan) with infinitives.
Me gustan los deportes (plural noun)
(I like sports)
Me gusta jugar al tenis.
(I like to play tenis)
p. 88 PRONOUNS AFTER PREPOSITIONS
1. Pronouns can stand for the same noun yet still have different forms depending on
how they’re being used in the sentence.
Yo soy Javier. Tengo quince años y me gusta dibujar. (both ‘yo’ and ‘me’ stand for Javier)
(I am Javier. I am 15 years old and I like to draw)
Subject
Yo
Tú
Usted
Él
Ella
Nosotros(as)
Ustedes
Ellos
Ellas
With gustar
Me
Te
Le
Le
Le
Nos
Les
Les
Les
After preposition
Mi
Te
Usted
Él
Ella
Nosotros(as)
Ustedes
Ellos
ellas
3. The pronouns mi and ti combine with con to make the special forms conmigo and contigo.
4. With gustar, the phrase formed by a ‘a’ and a pronoun can be added to a sentence to
clarify or emphasized who like something.
¿A ti te gusta dibujar?
A mi no me gusta. A ella le gusta.
p. 90 PRESENT TENSE OF QUERE WITH INFINITIVES
1. To say what you or others want, use a form of the verb querer/ The form you
use depends on the subject.
Subject pronoun
Yo quiero
(I want)
Nosotros queremos (we want)
Tú quieres
(you want)
Ustedes quieren
(you (p) want)
Usted quiere
(you want)
Ellos quieren (m)
(They want)
Él quiere
(he wants)
Ellas quieren(f)
(They want)
Ella quiere
(she wants)
2. Just as with gustar, you can use a noun or an infinitive after a form of quere to
say what you and others want or want to do.
Quiero fruta
(I want some fruit)
-
¿Qué quieres hacer?
(What do you want to do?)
Quiero comer.
(I want to ear)
- Quiero escuchar musica.
(I want to listen to music.)
Pronouns after Prepositions
Pronouns can stand for the same nouns but have different forms
Ex: Yo soy Ana. Tengo doce años y me gusta patinar.
Pronouns have different forms when they come after prepositions: a (to), de (of, from,
about), con (with), and en (in, on, at).
The pronouns mí and ti combine with the preposition con (with) to make special forms
conmigo (with me) and contigo (with you)
The phrase formed by a and a pronoun can be added to:
Emphasize who likes something: A mí no me gusta.
Clarify who likes something: A ella le gusta.
Prepositions & Present Tense of Querer with Infinitives
To say what you/others want, use a form of the verb querer
Yo quiero
Tú quieres
El, ella, usted quiere
Nosotros queremos
Ustedes, ellos, ellas, quieren
Use a noun or an infinitive to say what you/others want to do:
Quiero fruta.
Quiere comer.
Quieren jugar.
p. 98 PRESENT TENSE OF REGULAR – AR VERBS
Every verb has a stem. A stem tells the verb’s meaning.
Remember: An infinitive tells the meaning of the verb without naming the subject.
An infinitive ending does not name a subject. It does not tell you who one is talking about.
For example:
habl
-ar
com
-er
escrib
-ir
1. To give the verb a subject, you conjugate it.
2. To conjugate a regular –ar verb in the present tense, drop the –ar ending and add
the following endings:
For example: the verb cantar (to sing):
3. Since most of the time the ending tells you who you’re talking about, the subject
pronouns can be left out:
¿Bailan ustedes mucho? vs. Bailan mucho?
¿Nadas tú mucho? vs. Nadas mucho?
Use the subject pronouns to add emphasis or when the subject is unclear.
4. Since most of the time the ending tells you who you’re talking about, the subject
pronouns can be left out:
¿Bailan ustedes mucho? vs. Bailan mucho?
¿Nadas tú mucho? vs. Nadas mucho?
Use the subject pronouns to add emphasis or when the subject is unclear.
P. 100 PRESENT TENSE OF ‘IR’ AND ‘JUGAR’
1. Some verbs do not follow regular patterns like the –ar verbs you just learned.
Some verbs, such as ir (to go) are called irregular because they do not follow any clear
patterns.
2. The verb jugar (to play) has regular –ar endings, but the vowel u in the stem
changes to ue in all forms but nosotros and vosotros.