Download CH3

• Anaesthesia or anesthesia has traditionally
meant the condition of having the perception
of pain and other sensations blocked. This
allows patients to undergo surgery and other
procedures without the distress and pain they
would otherwise experience.
• It comes from the Greek roots an-, "not,
without" and aesthētos, "perceptible, able to
feel". The word was coined by Oliver Wendell
Holmes, Sr. in 1846.
- blocking the conscious
perception of pain
- producing
unconsciousness
- preventing memory
formation
- preventing unwanted
movement or muscle tone
3HC
|
H–C
|
3HC
OH
CH3
|
C–H
|
CH3
F
F
F
F – C – O – C – C – Cl
H
F Cl
F
H
F
F–C–C–O–C–H
H H
F
Cl F
H
Cl – C – C – O – C – H
H
F
H
Br F
Cl – C – C – F
H
F
DEFINITION OF ETHER
• any of a class of organic
compounds that have
two hydrocarbon groups
linked by an oxygen atom
Nomenclature
methoxymethane
dimethylether
methoxyethane
ethylmethylether
(2 – propoxycyclohexane)
cyclohexylisopropylether
(methoxybenzene)
methylphenylether
7
6
8
5
9
2
4
1
1
Do U want to PLAY
a game?
 All will be given a chance 2 answer
 I will be D’ one flashing instructions/structures on screen
 Then, U will be doing Ur all, to comply with the given
instructions or 2 give name for every given structures.
 U will be doing it first on Ur notebook. Then, if you are
done U just have 2 “shout out” your name 2 class and
spluke D’ magic words
 U will be given 20 seconds 2 answer on D’ board.
 3 points will be added on your quizzes or exercises for
every correct answer.
 Good luck everyone!!!
WARM - UP
ETHER LINK
F – C – O – C – C – Cl
1
1
2
1,1 – difluoromethoxy – 2 – chloro – 1,1,2 – trifluoroethane
D’ game starts
Now………
1
2
3
4
5
6
ETHER LINK
5 – ethoxy – 2 – hexanol
O
║
4
1
2
ETHER LINK
1
4 – (2 – bromoethoxyphenol)
10
9
O
║
8
7
6
5
3
2
1
4
ETHER LINK
4 – (propoxy – 7 – ethyl – 5 – methyl – 4,6 – dipropyldecane)
O
║
3
5
1
3
4
ETHER LINK
1
5 – (3,4 – dimethylcyclopentoxy – 1,3 – cyclohexanediol)
O
║
4 – methoxybenzoic acid
p – methoxybenzoic acid
Do U want some
MORE?
Quick Mind Twister
1. Describe and compare the different ways of
naming ETHER to other organic compounds?
2.Specify the steps and factors involved in
ETHER Nomenclature.
3. How does the nomenclature of ETHER differ
from the rest of the family of organic
compounds?
4.How can we apply the knowledge in ETHER
nomenclature in real – life setting?
Assignments
1. What are the ways to produce ether?
2. What are physical and chemical properties
of ethers?
3. Cite some industrial uses of organic
compounds ETHER.
References: All organic chemistry book will do
Preparations
DEHYDRATION OF
ALCOHOLS at 140 ᵒC
140 °C
Alcohol + Alcohol ------------
ETHER + H2O
Example
140°C
CH3 – CH2 – OH + OH – CH3 --------- CH3 – CH2 – O – CH3 + H2O
IUPAC
methoxyethane
COMMON
ethylmethylether
Williamson Synthesis
ETHER FORMATION
NaOH
PHENOL + ALKYL HALIDES ---------------- ETHER + HYDROGEN HALIDES
Δ
Example
+ HCl
+ CH3Cl --------
methoxybenzene
OH
Anisole
O – CH3
Physical
Properties
Table of Comparison
COMPOUND
MOLECULAR
WEIGHT
MELTING POINT
BOILING POINT
CH3 – OH
32
- 97 °C
64. 5 °C
CH3 – CH2 – OH
46
- 115 ° C
78. 5 °C
H2O
18
0°
100 °C
PHENOLS
94
43.47°C
182 °C
CH3 – O – CH3
46
- 140 °C
- 24 °C
CH3 CH2– O – CH2 CH3
74
- 116 °C
35 °C
HYDROCARBON
MOLECULAR
WEIGHT
MELTING POINT
BOILING POINT
CH4
16
- 117 °C
- 161 °C
CH3 – CH3
30
- 156 °C
- 88 °C
PROPERTIES OF ETHERS
•
•
•
•
Much less POLAR than alcohols
Slightly soluble in water
More soluble than alkane
Lower melting point (MP) and boiling
point (BP) than water
• Chemically inert
• ALL are very flammable
Chemical
Properties
ETHERS reaction
• Since ethers are comparatively unreactive
compounds.
• The ether linkage is quite stable towards
bases, oxidizing agents, and reducing agents.
• In so far as D’ ether linkage itself is concerned,
ethers undergo just one kind of reaction.
• Trigger by an concentrated acids
• And take place only under quite vigorous
conditions namely acids & high temperature.
ETHERS reacts w/ strong acids
130 - 140°C
ETHER + ACIDS --------- ALKYL HALIDE + ALCOHOL
Example
methanol
H – Cl
CH3 – O – CH3 + HCl -------- CH3 – Cl + CH3 – OH
130 - 140°C
chloromethane
Example
ethanol
H – Br
O
Br + CH3CH2 – OH
2HC – CH3 + HBr ----
130 - 140°C
bromocyclopropane
Example
F
OH
H–F
130 - 140°C
+ H – F ------
+
O
fluorobenzene
phenol
Example
CH3
H–I
CH3 – CH – O – CH – CH3
+
130 - 140°C
HI --------->
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3 – CH – I
2 - iodopropane
+
H – O – HC – CH3
isopropylalcohol