Download Medical Microbiology

Al-Azhar University
Medical Microbiology
Faculty of Medicine
course specification
2016-2017
A) Basic Information
Code of the course: 304
Micro
Title of the course: Medical
Microbiology and Immunology
Specialty: Medical
Microbiology
Number of teaching units:
Date of specification
approval: 9 /2016
Allocated marks: 200
Year: third
academic year
Total Teaching
hours 112 hours
Theoretical: 56hr
Practical: 56 hr
marks
B) Professional Information:
1- Objectives of the course:
The
2- course enables students to:
1. Describe microbial morphology, physiology and metabolism relevant to common infectious
diseases
2. Describe the basis of microbial genetics
3. Describe the natural habitat, sours of infections, modes of transmission of microorganisms,
Lab. Diagnosis, Treatment and prophylactic measures against common infectious diseases.
4. Describe the concepts of Immune response
5. Describe the basic concepts of health care associated infections (HAIs)
2- Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs):
A- Knowledge and
understanding:
1- describe the morphology & structure of microorganisms
2- identify bacterial physiology & metabolism
3- describe the characteristics of the medically important RNA & DNA
viruses & bacterial genetics
4- describe the host defense mechanisms & identify MHC classes &
tumor immunology
5- identify the cell migration, inflammation & the mucosal immune
system
6- describe the hypersensitivity reactions types I-IV & tolerance &
autoimmunity & immune-deficiency diseases
7- recognize in each individual case of viral infection , the habitat , the
source of infection , mode of transmission & the role of carrier ,
pathogenesis , diagnosis , the prophylactic measures & line of
management
B- Intellectual Skills:
1- The student should recognize the bacterial morphology,
physiology, metabolism, classification, identification,
genetics, pathogenesis & control (including sterilization,
disinfection & antibiotics)
2- The student should recognize the causative organism, the
habitat, characteristics of pathogenic strains, mode of
transmission, role of carrier, prophylactic measures. diagnostic
investigation & line of treatment.
C- Professional Skills:
1- Observe the principles of isolation & identification of bacteria
(with special reference to principles of staining methods)
2- Perform direct visualization, cultivation, biotyping,
serodiagnosis & molecular typing)
3- The student should be able to identify the different mycotic
infections, modes of their transmission &management
4-reognize infection control guidelines and safety procedures
guidelines
l. Write a full scientific report in the field of bacteriology
and immunology.
2. Work in groups and team.
3. Use computer and internet to extract information and
knowledge.
4. Learn independently and effectively with critical inquiry
for the purpose of continuing professional development
D- General Skills:
3- Course content
A-TOPIC
TOTAL
GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
1- Introduction to medical microbiology
History of microbiology
Microbiology & Medicine
2- Morphology & structure of microorganisms
Eukaryotic & prokaryotic cells
Bacterial structure
Classification & nomenclature of bacteria
24
No. of hours
Lectures
12
Tutorials/
Practical
12
Hints on structure of fungi & viruses
3- Bacterial physiology & metabolism
Requirements for bacterial growth
Environmental conditions
Bacterial growth cycle
Methods of identification of bacteria
Principles of isolation & identification of bacteria
(with special
reference to principles of staining methods)
Direct visualization, cultivation, biotyping,
serodiagnosis &
molecular typing)
4- Principles of bacterial genetics:
Bacterial chromosome
- Plasmids
- Genetic variation (mutation - gene transfer)
- Bacteriophage (nature, replication,
importance)
5- Sterilization & disinfection
6- Antimicrobial agents (antibiotics
&chemotherapeutics)
Mechanism of action
- Antibiotic resistance
- Principles of antibiotic therapy
7- Bacterial pathogenesis (including virulence
factors)
IMMUNOLOGY
A- general immunology:
1- Introduction to immunology
2- Cells & organs of immune system
3- Host defense mechanisms
innate immunity
- Acquired immunity
4- Antigen, antibodies & their receptors
- Antigens, hapten, epitopes
- Antibodies (structure, classes, properties)
5- Complement
- Classical & alternative pathways
- Mechanism & function
- Complement & disease
6- Antigen-Antibody reactions:
In vivo: protection against pathogenic organisms
In vitro: agglutination, precipitation,
immunoelectrophoresis, complement fixation,
ELISA,
14
8
6
radioimmunoassay, immunofluorescence, .... etc.
7- Major histocompatibility classes;
- Antigen presentation
Disease susceptibility
8- Cytokines
9- Immune response:
Humoral immunity
- Cell cooperation in antibody response
- Cell mediated immunity
Factors affecting the immune response
10- Cell migration & inflammation
11- Mucosal immune system
B- Clinical immunology;
12- Hypersensitivity reactions type I-IV
- Type 1 (anaphylactic)
- Type II (cytotoxic)
- Type III (immune complex)
- Type IV (cell-mediated)
13-Tolerance & autoimmunity:
Immunological tolerance
- Types of autoimmune diseases
Mechanisms
14- Transplantation & transfusion immunology;
- ABO blood group & transfusion reaction
- Rh blood type & hemolytic disease of the
newborn
- Types of transplantation & types of grafts
- Allograft rejection, mechanisms
- Graft-Versus host reaction
15-Tumor immunology;
- Tumor associated antigens, Onco-fetal
antigens
- Mechanism of tumor immunology
- Escape mechanisms of tumors &
immunotherapy
14- Immunodeficiency:
- 1ry & 2ry defects
15- Vaccines & immunotherapy
16- Infection & immunity (bacterial, fungal, viral)
Systematic Bacteriology
1- Pyogenic cocci:
Staphylococci, MRSA, Micrococcus
- Streptococci (including Str. Pneumoniae)
Neisseria & Moraxella
2- Gram Positive Non-Sporulating Bacilli
Corynebacterium; diphtheria & others
44
20
24
Erysipelothrix & Listeria
Actinomyces, Nocardia & Actinomycosis
3- Gram Positive Sporulating Bacilli:
- Aerobic group: Bacillus anthracis &
anthracoid
- Anaerobic group: Clostridium (tetani,
perfringens, botulinum & difficile)
4- Acid fast bacilli
Mycobacterium (tuberculosis, leprosy &
atypical
mycobacterium)
5- Gram negative bacteria:
Enterobacteriacae:
Coliform bacteria, Klebsiella, Proteus &
Providenica
Shigella
Salmonella
Pasteurella, Francisella & Yersinia
Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Vibrio,
Spirillum,
Campylobacter & Helicobacter
Haemophilus & Bordetella
Brucella
Bacteroides & Fusobacterium
-Gardenella
Legionella
6- Spirochaetes:
Treponema, Borrelia & Leptospira
7- Rickettsia
8- Chlamydia & Mycoplasma
VIROLOGY
A- General virology
B- Properties of viruses
MYCOLOGY
12
10
2
6
3
3
Applied Microbiology & Infection Control
8
3
5
REVISION
4
-
4
112
56
56
TOTAL
B) Tutorial / Small Group Discussions /PRACTICAL CLASSES:
Laboratory safety measures
microscopes
Staining (Gram ,M.B,Z.N,Fontana)
Sterilization
Culture media
Chemotherapy
Antigen-Antibody reactions (Agglutination –Precipitation –C.F.T. NeutralizationImmunofluorescence – Flowcytometry- ELISA- RIA)
Staphylococci
(Films-culture plates – biochemical activities- Phage typing)
Streptococci-pneumococci
(Films-culture plates – biochemical activities- ASOT- bile solubility- optochin sensitivity)
Neisseriae
(Films-culture plates – biochemical activities)
Bacillus group-Anthracoids
Films(MP-leishman)- biochemical activities
Corynibacterium spp.(Diphtheria-Diphtheroids)
(MB, Gram, Eleks test)
Clostridia group
(Films- anaerobic jar anaerobic media)
Mycobacteria
(TB films- media)
E-coli, Klebsiella
(Films, plates, biochemical reactions)
Salmonella, shigella
(Films, plates, biochemical reactions, serology)
Pseudomous, proteus, vibrios
(Films, plates, biochemical reactions)
Yersenia,spirochetes
Films (MB, leishman), Fontana, Wasserman reaction
Candida
(Films, plates, biochemical reactions)
4- Teaching and learning methods:
METHODS USED:
1.Lectures
2.Small group discussions
3.Tutorials
4.Practical classes
5- Students evaluation and assessment:
A- Method of assessment:
Purpose (ILOs)
1.Written
Exam:
Knowledge, Understanding &
Intellectual.
2.Oral
Exam:
3.Practical Exam:
B- Time of assessment
C- Allocated marks/Distribution
Intellectual skills& Knowledge.
Knowledge, general and, Professional
Skills
Within academic year (activities)
Mid-year exam
Final exam
Practical lessons attendance & Activities:20 marks (10 marks for
each)
Mid-year exam:20 marks
Final exam:
Written exam 100 marks
Oral exam 30 marks
Practical exam 30 marks
Total 160 marks
6- Teaching books, notebooks, and references:
6.1- Basic materials:
1)The book of the department staff:
Medical Microbiology, by Microbiology department staff members, five volumes,
EGYPT,2015.
6.2- Essential References:
Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg's Medical Microbiology 25th ed
(2010)
6.3- Web sites:
CDC, Infection Control in Healthcare Settings
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/
WHO, Infection Control Health topics
http://www.who.int/topics/infection_control/en/
Information Resources in Infection Control
http://www.theific.org/pdf_files/damani_IFIC_resource_5theditiodf
Course Coordinator: Prof. Moustafa Abdelnasser
Signature:
Head of department Prof. Elsayed Ahmed Gdoa
Signature:
Annex 1
ILOs
contents
General
microbiology
.
A
1
A
2
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A
3
A
4
A5 A6 A7
B1
B2
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C1 C2 C3 C4 D1 D2 D3 D4
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
Systematic
bacteriology.
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

Mycology.
Applied
Microbiology
& Infection
Control
General skills

Immunology.
Virology.
Professional
skills
Intellectua
l skills
Knowledge and
understanding
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