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Unit 1: Sources of the Democratic Tradition
10.1 Students relate the moral and ethical principles in ancient Greek and Roman philosophy, in Judaism,
and in Christianity to the development of Western political thought.
1. Analyze the similarities and differences in Judeo-Christian and Greco-Roman views of law,
reason and faith, and duties of the individual.
2. Trace the development of the Western political ideas of the rule of law and illegitimacy of
tyranny, using selections from Plato's Republic and Aristotle's Politics.
3. Consider the influence of the U.S. Constitution on political systems in the contemporary world.
Textbook Readings: Chapter 1 Section 1-5
Section 1: The Greek Roots of Democracy pg. 8-17
Reading Key Terms and Focus Questions:
City-state
Democracy
Monarchy
Tyrant
Sparta
Legislature
Athens
Pericles
Jury
Socrates
Plato
Plato’s Republic
Aristotle
Aristotle’s
Politics
Section 1: The Greek Roots of Democracy
1. What process took city-states from monarchy to aristocracy and, in Athens, to
democracy?
2. What progress did the Greeks under Pericles make towards a democratic government?
3. How do the ideas of Ancient Greece contribute to the development of democratic
values in the modern world?
4. What did Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, think of Democracy?
5. How did the ideas of the Ancient Greeks spread beyond Greece during the Hellenistic
Age?
Section 2: The Roman Republic and Empire pg. 20-27
Republic
Senate
Plebians
Consul
Tribune
Carthage
Dictator
Veto
Julius Caesar
Augustus Caesar
Pax Romana
1. Did the Romans have examples of checks and balances within the Roman system of
government? If so, what were they and how can their influences be seen in current
governments?
2. How did the Roman Republic become an Empire?
3. Could the Romans have ruled in peace with only one form of government? Explain.
4. Which lasting principles of law did the Romans develop?
Section 3: Principles of Judaism p. 28- 32
Jerusalem
Abraham
Diaspora
Moses
Monotheistic
Covenant
Sabbath
Prophet
Ethics
1. What role did migration play in the history of the Israelites?
2. How did the Jews’ beliefs differ from those of other nearby people?
3. What moral and ethical principles lie at the core of the Jewish religion?
4. What important democratic ideas did Judaism promote through its ethical view of the
world?
Section 4: Rise of Christianity p. 33-39
Jesus
Tolerance
Messiah
Clergy
Apostle
Paul
1. Why were many Jewish people wary of Jesus’ preachings and appearance in
Jerusalem?
2. Why is Paul considered a key figure in the spread of Christianity?
3. How was Christianity able to spread despite attacks and criticism against its followers?
4. How is the Judeo-Christian tradition related to the democratic tradition?
5. Analyze the similarities and differences in Judeo-Christian and Greco-Roman views of
law, reason and faith, and duties of the individual.
Section 5: Democratic Developments in England pg. 40-47
Feudalism
William the Conqueror
Henry II
Common law
Absolute monarch
Oliver Cromwell
Habeas Corpus
Limited Monarchy
1. How did the growth of royal power change from 1000 to 1688?
2. How did England change under Henry II?
3. Why and how did monarchs in England develop differently than their European
counterparts?
4. Explain the increasing strength of the English Parliament.
5. What were the causes and consequences of the English Civil War?
6. What are the key principles of the Magna Carta, Petition of Right, and the English
Bill of Rights?
Citystate
Monarch
y
Sparta
Athens
Democra
cy
Tyrant
Legislatu
re
Pericles
Jury
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
Roman
Law
Republic
Consul
Dictator
Justinian
Julius
Caesar
Monothe
istic
Covenan
t
Clergy
Hierarch
y
Natural l