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Download Tenses - Présent, Futur Proche, Passé Composé
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Tenses - Présent, PRÉSENT Futur Proche, Passé Composé 1 Conjugated Verb ( = the action ) • The Present Tense is a one-part tense. You simply have to conjugate the verb. • Regular verbs always follow a pattern. If you learn the endings, you’ll know how to conjugate any regular verb. -ER -e -es -e -IR -ons -ez -ent -is -is -it -RE -issons -issez -issent -s -s --- -ons -ez -ent • Irregular verbs are all different, and you have to memorize the T-chart for each one. ( Though some of the irregular verbs can be grouped together because they’re conjugated similarly or the same.) • Look at the verb charts handout for the conjugations of the irregular verbs you’ve learned. • In negative present tense sentences, the ne … pas goes around the verb. • Translations --- Affirmative : Questions : Negative : Tu étudies You study (Est-ce que) tu étudies? Tu n’ étudies pas FUTUR PROCHE You do study Do you study ? You don’t study You are studying Are you studying? You aren’t studying Conjugated ALLER + INFINITIVE of action verb • The “near future” is a two-verb tense. Just like all two-verb sentences, you have to conjugate the first verb and leave the second one in its original infinitive form • The first verb will always be the correct, conjugated form of ALLER. Since “aller” means “to go,” this creates the sense of “going to (gonna) “ do something. • In negative futur proche sentences, the ne… pas goes around the form of ALLER. • Translations --- Affirmative : Negative : Tu Tu vas étudier ne vas pas étudier You’re going to study. You’re not going to study. Je vais étudier Nous allons étudier Tu Vous vas étudier Il / Elle / On va étudier allez étudier Ils / Elles vont étudier PASSÉ COMPOSÉ Conjug’d HELPING VERB + PAST PARTICIPLE of action verb • The past tense is a two-part tense. You have to conjugate the helping verb ( usually AVOIR ) and use the past participle form of the action verb. • Just as in present tense, regular verbs follow a pattern for forming their past participles. You just have to replace the infinitive ending with the past participle ending. -ER ---> -É -IR ---> -I -RE ---> -U • Irregular verbs also have irregular past participles. You just have to memorize them !!! As you learn new irregular verbs, be sure to learn their past participles at the same time you’re learning the present T-chart. • See the Irregular Verb Charts handout for the past participles of all the irregular verbs you’ve learned. • If the past tense sentence is negative, the ne … pas goes around the helping verb. • Translations --- Affirmative : Questions : Negative : J’ Tu ai as Tu as étudié You studied (Est-ce que) tu as étudié? Tu n’as pas étudié étudié étudié Il / Elle / On a étudié You did study Did you study ? You didn’t study Nous avons étudié Vous avez étudié Ils / Elles ont You have studied Have you studied ? You haven’t studied étudié ************************************************************************************************** Passé Composé of Van der Tramp Verbs and Reflexive Verbs • If your action verb is either a Van der Tramp verb ( coming and going verbs ) or a reflexive verb, remember that the helping verb needs to be ÊTRE, and that you have to make the past participle agree with the subject. Je suis sorti / sortie Nous sommes sortis / sorties Tu es Vous Vous êtes êtes sorti / sortie sortis / sorties Ils Elles sont sont sortis sorties Il / On Elle sorti / sortie est est sorti sortie