Download Ch 23 Study Guide

Ch 23 Study Guide
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Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
1. Bacteria and fungi are known as ____________________ because they break down the remains
of organisms.
2. The energy role of a grizzly bear is that of a(n) ____________________ because it cannot make
its own food.
3. A diagram called a(n) ____________________ shows how much energy is available at each level
of a food web.
4. The least amount of energy is available at the ____________________ level of an energy
pyramid.
5. Water from a lake changes to the gas state in the process of ____________________.
6. Small, light organisms such as baby spiders can be dispersed by ____________________.
7. The soil that is frozen all year in the tundra is called ____________________.
8. An organism that can make its own food is called a ______________________________.
9. Consumers that eat both plants and animals are called ____________________________.
10. Name a herbivore. ______________________________
11. Vultures, which feed on the bodies of dead organisms, are _________________________.
12. The first organism in a food chain is always a(n) ________________________________.
13. If a kestrel eats a mouse that eats grass, the kestrel is a(n) __________________________.
14. The many overlapping food chains in an ecosystem make up a(n) _____________________.
15. A diagram that shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a
food web is called a(n) ____________________________________.
16. In an energy pyramid, which level has the most available energy? ______________________
17. The step in the water cycle in which water vapor becomes liquid water is ________________.
18. Name 4 types of precipitation. ______________________________________________
19. What do producers release as a result of photosynthesis? ________________________
20. The study of where organisms live is called __________________________________.
21. The very slow movement of the continents is called _______________________________.
22. Dandelions, horses, and other organisms that were brought by humans from one part of the world
to another are examples of ___________________________________.
23. The ocean prevents the Australian kangaroo from dispersing throughout the world. The ocean is
an example of which limit to dispersal? _______________________________
24. The typical weather pattern in an area over a long period of time is called
_____________________.
25. A group of ecosystems with similar climates and organisms is called a(n) ________________.
26. Which land biome receives less than 25 centimeters of rain per year? __________________
27. Which land biome is extremely cold and dry? ________________________
28. Ponds and rivers are two types of _______________________________________.
29. Which biome is found where the fresh water of a river meets the salt water of the ocean?
___________
30. The ocean water is completely dark throughout the __________________________.
31. The series of changes that occurs after a disturbance in an existing ecosystem is called
_________________.
32. Plants growing on new island formed by the eruption of an undersea volcano are an example of
________.
33. The first species to populate an area where primary succession is taking place are called
________________________________.
Short Answer
34. Which organisms shown are producers?
______________________________________________________________________________
______
35. Which organisms shown are consumers?
_____________________________________________________________________
36. What would happen to the other organisms if all the plants in this ecosystem died?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
_____
37. Use the organisms pictured in this ecosystem to construct a food chain.
____________________________________________________________________
38. Approximately what percentage of the energy in the plants is passed on to the animals that eat
them? __________________________
39. Why are there relatively few third-level consumers like bears in an ecosystem?
______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Essay
40. Describe how oxygen and carbon dioxide cycle in the environment.
41. Explain why most marine organisms live near the water surface or near the shore.
42. Briefly describe the steps in the water cycle.