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3B Grammar: Plurals of Adjectives, -GO Verbs & the Irregular Verb Ser Plurals of Descriptive Adjectives: Descriptive Adjectives FOLLOW THE NOUN THAT THEY MODIFY! They follow the same rules as when we make nouns plural. 1. Many descriptive adjectives end in –o (the masculine singular) or –a (the feminine singular). The plural of each of these forms is created by adding an –s. Masculine Feminine Singular bueno buena Plural buenos buenas 2. Most descriptive adjectives that do not end in –o or –a in the singular forms have the same form for both the masculine and feminine form. The plural is formed by adding –es to the singular unless the descriptive adjective already ends in –e in the singular. In this case add only –s to the singular form. Singular azul verde feroz Plural azules verdes feroces English Equivalent blue green ferocious 3. If a descriptive adjective is used to describe any sort of nationality or geographical term, then you add an –a to make it feminine if it ends in a consonant. If you need to make it plural, add an –es for masculine and an –as for feminine. Masculine Singular español inglés francés Feminine Singular española inglesa francesa Masculine Plural españoles ingleses franceses Feminine Plural españolas inglesas francesas -GO Verbs: Some present tense verbs have an irregular “go” form in the 1 st person, yo conjugation. You need to be aware of these “go” verbs so that you know that it’s a yo form when you see it. Here are the –GO verbs that you’ll see throughout the year: o hago (hacer) – to do/make o digo (decir) – to say/tell o tengo (tener) – to have o vengo (venir) – to come/arrive o traigo (traer) – to bring The Irregular Verb Ser: Ser is an irregular verb and it means “to be.” The English equivalent = is, am and are It tells what something essentially is or that is not apt to change; think permanent, constant. It is used to describe nationality/origin, profession/title, physical characteristics, personality traits, time, relationship and ownership. Here’s an acronym to help you remember: DOCTOR – Descriptions, Occupations, Characteristics, Time, Ownership & Relationship Singular yo soy = I am Plural nosotros nosotras somos = we are tú eres = you are (informal) usted es = you are (formal) Vosotros/as sois = you all are (informal in Spain)* ustedes son = you all are (formal/informal) él/ella ellos/ellas es = he/she is son = they are * “it” a singular object * “them” plural objects * quién (who singular) * quiénes (who plural)