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Transcript
Cells Flashcards 1) What four things are characteristic of cells? 2) What three things does every cell have in common? 3) What is metabolism? 4) What is homeostasis? 5) Name two things that cytoplasm contains. 6) What two things that can dissolve into water make up ATP? 7) What are the two functions of the cytoskeleton? 1) Are enclosed in a membrane that maintains internal conditions different from the surroundings. 2) Have DNA as the genetic material. 3) Can interconvert forms of energy. 4) Can interconvert chemical materials. 1. Metabolic functions (using up O2 and sugars). 2. Responds to its environment 3. Capable of maintaining homeostasis within itself and within the body. The sum of all of the chemical reactions that occur in a cell maintaining a balanced internal environment, such as temperature, pH, glucose levels 1. Mostly water 2. Things dissolved in water Sugars like glucose and energy molecules 1. Maintains cell shape 2. movement 8) What are small structures that occur within the cell Organelles and have various functions? 9) What does it mean, that plasma membranes are It means that the plasma membrane allows some selectively permeable? substances to enter or leave the cell more easily than others 10) Where is the majority of genetic material The nucleus contained within a cell? 11) What structure in a cell makes ATP? Mitochondria 12) Where are ribosomes located? In the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum 13) What do ribosomes make? Protein 14) What are the building blocks of proteins (what are Amino acids they made of)? 15) What are required for the cell to undergo various Enzymes reactions? 16) What can happen to an enzyme if body The enzyme can denature and not function temperature rises? 17) The complex system of membranous channels and Golgi apparatus saccules continuous with the plasma membrane is: 18) What cell structure is like a UPS center, because it Golgi apparatus packages proteins and sends them where they need to go? 19) What structure makes proteins? Ribosomes 20) Where are most ribosomes located? RER (Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum) 21) What is the function of the RER? Makes proteins 22) What is the function of the SER (Smooth Detoxifies harmful substances Endoplasmic Reticulum)? 23) Which organelle contains digestive enzymes to Lysosomes Cells Flashcards dissolve bacteria? 24) If a person has a white blood cell with defective lysosomes, what can happen to the person? 25) Which organelle moves material from the RER (Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum) to the Golgi complex? 26) Name two hair-like structures that cells might have. 27) What are cilia? 28) What are flagella? 29) What is cellular (aerobic) respiration? 30) What is the function of cell surfaces? 31) What do plant cell walls consist of? 32) The cell wall of one plant cell is separated from the cell wall of another by what? 33) Are plant cell walls one layer thick or more than one layer (multi-layered) structures? 34) What is the primary composition of wood? 35) What does it mean that the plasma membrane is selectively permeable? A defect in the lysosomes of the white blood cells can prevent the cells from destroying engulfed bacteria., which could lead to death Vesicles Cilia and flagella Hair-like structures that move material across the cell surface (mucous in the trachea), or they can move the whole cell (single celled organisms) Whip-like structure to move the cell (sperm) a process whereby mitochondria in the cells use oxygen, produce carbon dioxide, and produce energy in the form of ATP. Protects, supports, and joins cells together Cellulose fibers embedded in a matrix of polysaccharides and proteins a layer of sticky polysaccharides. Multilayered Plant cell walls The plasma membrane allows some substances to enter or leave a cell more easily than others.