Download Upon completion of the dissection, complete the following

Upon completion of the dissection, complete the following assignment as an Open Office document,
name it Sheep Brain Dissection, and upload the file to the Anatomy & Physiology page.
1. Explain the difference between the following anatomical directions: (6 pts.)
Posterior Vs. Anterior, Dorsal Vs. Ventral, Lateral Vs. Medial
Posterior is towards the back, Anterior is towards the front. Dorsal is on top, the brain and head
only, Ventral is on bottom, brain and head only. Lateral is on the side or towards the side, Medial is at
or towards the middle.
2. Describe the 3 main Planes of Orientation identified in the dissection guide. (3 pts.)
Frontal divide from back, Saggital divide from left to right, Mid-Saggital is the most important, divides
from top and bottom.
3. In the sheep brain we dissected, the dura mater and arachnoid layer were very apparent. Describe the
difference in the texture of the two layers. (2 pts.)
Dura mater is the tough outer layer, arachnoid layer is
4. Explain the difference between the gyri and sulci of the brain. (2 pts.)
5. Explain the location of the Medulla, Pons, and Cerebellum in relationship to one another. Where
should the pituitary gland be in relationship
to the pons? (4 pts.)
The location is in the brain stem. Pituitary gland should be located in brain stem.
6. What is the name of the white bulbs found on the frontal portion of the ventral surface of the brain?
(1 pt.)
Olfactory Bulbs.
7. What is the name of the criss-cross shape formed by the optic nerves? (1pt.)
Optic Chiasm.
8. What type of structures make up the boundaries of the 4 lobes of the cerebrum? (1 pt.)
Frontal, Parietal, temporal, occipital.
9. Why is the cerebellum also called the arbor vitae? (2 pts.)
To some it resembles a tree and bush as a result arbor vitae ( the tree of life )
10. Give the function of each of the following: (14 pts.)
Hypothalamus—links the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary glad,
Hippocampus-- is located in the medial temporal lobe of the brain, Corpus Callasum-- is a
structure of the mammalian brain in the longitudinal fissure that connects the left and right
cerebral hemispheres, Pineal Body-- Cone-shaped outgrowth of the vertebrate brain-reddishgray, Lateral Ventricle-- are part of the ventricular system of the brain, they are largest of the
ventricles, Uncus—the hooked end of the parahippocampal gyrus of the temporal lobe,
Hippocampal Gyrus--, Optic Nerve-- is the second of twelve paired cranial nerves but is considered
to be part of the CNS as it is derived from an outpouching of the diencephalon during embryonic
development, Olfactory Bulbs-- is a structure of the vertebrate forebrain involved in olfaction,
the perception of odors,
Optic Chiasm-- is part of the brain where the optic nerves partially cross, Optic Nerves-- is the
nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain, Oculomotor Nerves--,
Pituitary Gland-- is an endocrine gland about the size of a pea, it is a protrusion off the brain and
results in a small, bony cavity covered by a dural fold, Cerebellum-11. Be able to identify all of the structures from #10 along with the following:
Anterior Commisure, Cerebral Acqueduct, Mammillary Bodies, Basal Ganglia