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Transcript
Capítulo 1
Capítulo 1
Vocabulario Paso 1 p 30
En la clase:
La ventana
La puerta
La silla
El papel
El libro
La mochila
La mesa
el lápiz
el libro de texto
el bolígrafo el cuaderno
la calculadora
el diccionario
el dinero
el escritorio
la pizarra
Lugares en la universidad:
La biblioteca
La cafetería
La clase
El edificio
La librería
La oficina
La residencia
Personas en la universidad:
El bibliotecario
La bibliotecaria
El compañero de clase
La compañera de clase
El compañero de cuarto
la compañera de cuarto
Personas en la universidad:
El consejero
La consejera
El estudiante
La estudiante
El hombre
La mujer
El profesor
La profesora
El secretario
La secretaria
Las materias en la universidad:
La administración de empresas
El arte
La computación
Las comunicaciones
La economía
El español
La filosofía
La física
La historia
El inglés
La literatura
Las matemáticas
Las materias en la universidad:
La química
La sociología
Las ciencias
Las humanidades
Las lenguas extranjeras
La sicología
Paso Dos
Singular Nouns Paso2 p 33
In Spanish, all nouns have either a masculine or feminine gender.
Definite articles
Indefinite articles
Masculine
Feminine
el hombre
la mujer
el libro
la mesa
un hombre
una mujer
un libro
una mesa
Gender
 Nouns that refer to male beings and most nouns that end in –o are masculine in
gender
 Nouns that refer to female beings and most nouns that end in –a, -tad, and –dad
are feminine in gender
 Nouns that have other endings and that do not refer to either male or female
beings maybe masculine or feminine. The gender then must be memorized.
Gender
 Many nouns that refer to persons indicate gender
1. By changing the last vowel
Roberto
Roberta
1. By adding –a to the last consonant of the masculine form to make it
feminine
Luis
Luisa
 Many other nouns that refer to people have a single form for both masculine and
feminine genders. Gender is indicated by an article.
el estudiante la estudiante
How ever, a few nouns that end in –e also have a feminine form that ends
in –a.
el presidente la presidenta
Gender
 A common exception to the normal rule of gender is the word el día which is
masculine in gender. Many words ending in –ma are also masculine: el problema,
el programa, el sistema, and so on. What for these exceptions as you continue
your study of Spanish
Articles
A. In English, there is only one definite article the. In Spanish, the definite article for
masculine singular nouns is el. For feminine nouns it is la.
B. In English, the singular indefinite article is a, an . In Spanish, the indefinite article
must agree with the gender of the noun. Un for masculine nouns, una for feminine. Un
and una can also mean one as well, but context determines the meaning.
Identifying People, Places and Things. Paso 2 p 37
Nouns and Articles
A. Spanish nouns that end in a vowel form plurals by adding –s.
el libro los libros
Nouns that end in a consonant add –es.
la universidad las universidades
Nouns that end in the consonant z change to –C before adding –es.
el lápiz
los lápices
Nouns and Articles
B. The definite and indefinite articles also have plural forms:
el > los
la > las
un > unos
una > unas
unos and unas can mean some, several, or a few
Nouns and Articles
C. In Spanish, the masculine plural forms of a noun is used to refer to a group that
indicates both males and females.
un amigo y una amiga = unos amigos
un estudiante y una estudiante= unos estudiantes
Paso 3
Subject Pronouns
These are the subject pronouns you will learn in class
Yo
I
Tú
You
él
Ella
Usted
Nosotros
Nosotras
He
She
You
We
We
You’al
You’al
Vosotros
Vosotras
Ellos
Ellas
Ustedes
They
They
You guys
Tricky subjects
Nadie - no one
Todo- everything
Alguien
- some one
Uno - one
Alguno- some one/thing
Todos – everybody
Unos - some
Algunos
-some
Algunas
- some
A. The infinitive of a verb indicates the action or state of being, with no reference to
who or what performs the action. In Spanish, all infinitives end in –ar, -er, or –ir
ar
Hablar
Practicar
Bailar
-er
Comer
Beber
deber
-ir
Vivir
Escribir
dormir
Here are some –ar verbs p 42
Bailar
hablar
Buscar
necesitar
Cantar
Comprar
Desear
Enseñar
Escuchar
Estudiar
pagar
practicar
regresar
tocar
tomar
trabajar