Download SBI3C Unit 2 Microbiology Review Key Terms to be Familiar With

SBI3C Unit 2 Microbiology Review
Key Terms to be Familiar With:
dichotomous key
lytic cycle
cladogram
lysogenic cycle
taxonomy
aerobic
phylogeny
anaerobic
virus
eukaryotic
capsid
prokaryotic
antibiotic
saprophytes
vaccine
plasmid
hyphae
sporangia
Diagrams to Know:
lytic cycle
lysogenic cycle
pathogen
binary fission
conjugation
Gram-staining
cocci
bacilli
spirilla
lymphatic system
symbiosis
bacterial cell
lymphocyte
lymph
macrophage
antibody
antigen
active immunity
passive immunity
pseusopod
methanogens
binary fission
flagella
anal pore
cilia
spores
eyespot
contractile vacuole
food vacuole
halophiles
mycelium
thermophiles
conjugation
2.1 – Taxonomy
1. Why is classification of living things important?
2. What are some ways we can classify organisms?
3. Which kingdom do each of the following belong to?
a. E. coli
b. yeast
c. thermophile
d. Euglena
e. organism causing athlete’s foot
2.3 – Viruses
1. Why are viruses not considered to be living?
2. Can a horse virus affect humans? Explain.
3. Describe the basic structure of viruses.
4. Draw a sketch of the lytic cycle. Briefly explain what happens.
5. What happens in the lysogenic cycle? How does this cycle differ from the lytic cycle?
6. What are antibiotics?
7. How is a vaccine produced? What is the importance of vaccines?
2.4 – Bacteria
1. Bacteria are prokaryotes. What does “prokaryote” mean?
2. Name some characteristics of bacteria & draw and label a bacterial cell. (hint – see p. 108 for the first part
of the question)
3. What are the three groups in Archaebacteria? Where is each group found?
4. What are the two types of cell walls in Eubacteria? (hint – it has to do with classification!) How are they
different?
5. What are the formal names referring to the shapes of bacteria? Draw them.
6. What is the difference between binary fission and conjugation? Draw both types of reproduction and explain
the steps.
2.7 & 2.8 – Helpful and Harmful Bacteria
List some ways that bacteria can be helpful and some ways bacteria can be harmful.
2.4 – Fighting Diseases
1. What is our immune system responsible for?
2. Explain the three lines of defence and what happens in each type.
3. What is the difference between active and passive immunity?
4. Explain how we can prevent bacterial infections in the following types of workplaces:
a. A restaurant kitchen
b. An operating room in a hospital
2.13 –Protists
1. State 4 characteristics common to the Protist kingdom.
2. Name the three main groups of Protists.
3. What group of Protists would each of the following belong to?
a. Heterotrophs, move around to obtain food, some engulf food while others absorb nutrients directly
b. Contain chlorophyll, photosynthesize, some can move
c. A slime mould, leave a slimy trail when they move
4. There are four different types of animal-like protists (Protozoa group). How does each differ in type of
movement?
5. Malaria is a tropical disease that is caused by Plasmodium.
a. Which animal-like protest group does this disease belong to?
b. What is the carrier of the disease?
c. How is it transmitted?
6. With respect to algae, why are they important to the aquatic system, and yet, how can they be harmful?
2.15 –Fungi
1. List three characteristics of the Fungi.
2. Why were Fungi given their own Kingdom instead of staying in the Plant Kingdom? (hint – see p. 136 Venn
diagram!)
3. Draw a diagram of hyphae and mycelium. What is the difference between the two?
4. What is symbiosis?
5. Name two types of symbiosis and give an example of each.
6. Explain how fungi can be detrimental to us and yet helpful to us.