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Social Studies 11 2nd and 4th Quarter CRT Study Guide Question In 1941, what prompted the United States to enter World War II? COS # COS 7 Item # 1 COS 7 2 What does the term blitzkrieg mean? COS 7 COS 7 3 4 Who was the British prime minister during World War II? What was America’s policy during the early years of World War II? COS 7 COS 7 COS 7 5 6 7 What tactics did Joseph Stalin use to dominate the Soviet Union? In 1940, where did one of the greatest rescues in the history of warfare occur? What does the term Lebensraum mean? COS 7 8 What was Nazism? COS 7 9 What did the Japanese American Citizens League speak out against? COS 7 COS 7 10 11 COS 7 12 With which country did Hitler sign a Nonaggression Pact? In what battle in August 1940 did Hitler launch the greatest air assault the world had yet seen? What were the Neutrality Acts designed to do? COS 7 13 What was the purpose of Chamberlain’s appeasement policy? COS 7 14 What was the purpose of Truman’s Fair Deal? COS 7 15 What happened when the government lifted price controls after World War II? COS 7 16 What was one result of the baby boom? COS 7 17 COS 7 18 Shortly after Congress declared on Japan, which two countries declared war on the United States? What was true of the North during World War II? COS 7 19 What helped the United States emerge from the Great Depression? COS 7 COS 7 COS 7 COS 7 COS 7 COS 7 20 21 22 23 24 25 COS 7 26 COS 7 27 What World War II battle was a turning point in Eastern Europe? Who made the final decision to drop the atomic bomb? What happened during World War II on May 8, 1945 (also known as V-E Day)? After the Allies gained control in Africa, what was their next target? What 1942 World War II battle ended the Japanese offensive in the Pacific? What was Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill’s main war strategy at the beginning of World War II? What is the term used to describe Nazi Germany’s systematic murder of European Jews? How did the Nazis strip Jews of their German citizenship? COS 7 28 COS 7 COS 7 29 30 COS 7 31 What was General MacArthur forced to do when the Japanese advanced against his troops? What was the goal of the Manhattan Project? Who developed the “beat movement” of the 1950s and 1960s as an expression of non-conformity? What can be said about African American soldiers during World War II? COS 7 32 What was a belief of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)? Answer the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor surprise and overwhelming force Winston Churchill remaining neutral while making war supplies available to Britain terror and purges at Dunkirk more living space for the Germans an extreme form of fascism Japanese American property losses during their wartime internment. the Soviet Union Battle of Britain limit international involvement to keep the peace with Germany extend the New Deal’s goals Prices rose faster than wages. Families moved from the cities to the suburbs. Italy and Germany African Americans faced discrimination in employment, housing, and education. producing goods for the Allied forces the Battle of Stalingrad Harry S Truman Germany surrendered Italy the Battle of Midway to concentrate on winning the war in Europe the Holocaust passed the Nuremberg Laws leave the Philippines develop an atomic bomb artists and writers They fought in segregated units. using nonviolent Page 1 of 6 COS 7 33 What was the purpose of the Selective Training Service Act? COS 7 34 What important idea came out of the Nuremberg Trials? COS 7 COS 7 35 36 Who did Japan ally itself with in September 1940? What happened to many Japanese Americans during World War II? COS 7 37 What was the end result of the Nazi policy to eliminate all of Europe’s Jews? COS 7 38 COS 7 39 COS 7 COS 7 40 41 After World War II, what organization was formed on the basis of the Atlantic Charter? What prevented Americans from spending the high wages they earned in wartime jobs? Who took over Manchuria in 1932? What describes “code talkers”? COS 7 COS 7 COS 7 42 43 44 What became the popular name for all women who worked in war production jobs? What militant Japanese general became prime minister in October of 1941? What took place on June 6, 1944 (D-Day)? COS 7 45 What was the actual motive behind the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere? COS 7 46 What were the accusations against Julius and Ethel Rosenberg? COS 7 47 What was made possible by the G. I. Bill of Rights of 1944? COS 7 48 COS 7 COS 7 49 50 In what part of the world were the battles of the Coral Sea, Midway, and Guadalcanal fought? How did William J. Levitt contribute to the growth of suburbs? What effect did rock-and-roll have on the young people of the 1950s? COS 7 COS 7 51 52 COS 7 53 What did American society in the 1950s expect women to do? What was one of President Truman’s greatest challenges in reconverting to a peacetime economy? What finally brought an end to World War II? COS 8 54 What describes satellite nations? COS 8 55 What did President Truman promise in the Truman Doctrine? COS 8 56 How did the U-2 incident affect American public opinion and policy? COS 8 57 What was the Soviet Union’s response to the formation of NATO? COS 8 58 COS 8 59 What were some Hollywood figures charged with by members of the House UnAmerican Activities Committee (HUAC)? What was the outcome of the Korean War? COS 8 60 What is one reason the United States became involved in the affairs of the Middle East following World War II? techniques to end racism to draft young men for the military forces Individuals are responsible for their own actions. the Axis Powers They were confined to internment camps. genocide of the Jewish people the United Nations shortages of consumer items the Japanese Navajo radio operators who helped secure communications in the Pacific Rosie the Riveter Tojo Hideki the landing of Allied forces on France’s Normandy coast Japan wanted the region’s natural resources for its war against China. passing atomic secrets to the Soviets veterans could get educational stipends the Pacific He mass-produced houses. It gave them a style that they could call their own. manage the household keeping inflation in check the dropping of atomic bombs by the United States on Hiroshima and Nagasaki nations dominated by the Soviet Union to support nations trying to resist Soviet control It caused the U. S. to favor a large military buildup to surpass the Soviet Union. They created the Warsaw Pact. being sympathetic to Communist ideas Korea remained divided at almost exactly the same place as before the war. to prevent oil-rich Arab nations from falling under Soviet influence Page 2 of 6 COS 8 61 What did Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin decide at the Yalta conference? COS 8 62 What was the cause of the Berlin airlift? COS 8 COS 8 63 64 In what area did the 38th parallel became an important dividing line? During the “Cold War”, what was the purpose of containment? COS 8 65 COS 8 66 What nation successfully orbited the satellite Sputnik in 1957 to start the space race during the Cold War? What was the main reason President Truman fired General MacArthur? COS 8 67 COS 8 68 COS 8 COS 8 69 70 COS 8 71 COS 9 72 COS 9 73 COS 9 COS 9 74 75 COS 9 76 What happened to Lee Harvey Oswald after the assassination of President Kennedy? What was a major part of President Johnson’s Great Society? In Baker v. Carr, the Supreme Court declared that congressional districts had to be apportioned on the basis of what? As a senator, Lyndon Johnson was famed for his ability to do what? COS 9 77 What was the purpose of the Immigration Act of 1965? COS 9 78 What did the Warren Commission conclude about the Kennedy assassination? COS 9 79 Why did some people criticize Great Society programs? COS 9 80 COS 9 81 How did Kennedy appear in the televised presidential debates between Kennedy and Nixon? What was the main focus of the Warren Supreme Court? COS 9 82 In 1961, what challenge did President Kennedy give to the nation and NASA? COS 9 83 What describes the 1960 election? COS 10 84 Why did the Soviets built the Berlin Wall? COS 10 85 COS 10 COS 10 86 87 What describes the major guiding principle behind the foreign policies of Presidents Kennedy and Johnson? What president established the Peace Corps? What was the “Bay of Pigs” invasion of 1961? What was the aim of both President Truman’s Federal Employee Loyalty Program and Senator Joseph McCarthy’s hearings? Why did a number of nations join NATO in 1949? What country did the United Stated believe initiated the invasion of North Korea? What is the policy of making the military power of the United States and its allies so strong that no enemy would dare attack for fear of retaliation? How did President Eisenhower’s domestic policy reflect that of his Republican predecessors Coolidge and Hoover? What describes Kennedy’s domestic policy success? to divide the defeated Germany into four sectors—American, British, French, and Soviet the Soviets blocked Allied access to West Berlin North and South Korea to restrict the spread of communism in foreign countries the Soviet Union Mac Arthur was insubordinate to his commander-in-chief. to expose Communists in the United States to protect themselves from possible Soviet aggression the Soviet Union deterrence He favored big business. He rarely succeeded in pushing legislation through Congress. He was fatally shot by Jack Ruby. health care legislation one person, one vote accomplish his political goals to eliminate quotas restricting immigration from certain countries Kennedy was killed by one man who had worked alone. It gave too much money to the poor people. more polished than Nixon protecting the constitutional rights of citizens accused of crimes to land a man on the moon within the decade Kennedy won by a very slim margin. to prevent East Germans from fleeing to the West to stop the spread of communism John Kennedy It was a United Statesbacked attempt by antiCastro forces to land in Cuba and overthrow the Page 3 of 6 COS 10 88 What was a result of the Cuban Missile Crisis? COS 11 COS 11 89 90 Who was the officer in charge of the My Lai massacre? In Vietnam, how were herbicides such as Agent Orange, used? COS 11 COS 11 COS 11 COS 11 91 92 93 94 COS 11 COS 11 95 96 COS 11 97 COS 11 98 What was one advantage of the Viet Cong guerrillas? What event caused Americans to lose confidence in the Vietnam War? Who was the nationalist leader who led Vietnam against the French? What was the policy of replacing U.S. forces with South Vietnamese soldiers called? Who was the winner of the 1968 presidential election? In 1970, what country did President Nixon announce that American forces would invade? Where did tensions between students who opposed the Vietnam War and National Guardsmen result in four deaths? What was the primary focus of the student protest movement of the 1960s? COS 11 99 COS 11 100 COS 11 101 COS 11 102 COS 11 103 COS 11 104 COS 12 105 COS 12 106 What were people who opposed fighting the war on moral or religious grounds called? Why did some Americans question the fairness of the draft during the Vietnam War? What policy did Martin Luther King, Jr., and other members of the SCLC encourage in order to achieve victory in the struggle for civil rights? Why did Martin Luther King, Jr. target Birmingham, Alabama, for demonstrations? COS 12 107 What did participants in the 1963 March on Washington hope to accomplish? COS 12 108 What happened after Congress passed the Voting Rights Act of 1965? COS 12 109 What did the black power movement suggest that African Americans do? COS 12 COS 12 110 111 In which state did Freedom Riders encounter serious violence? What was the goal of Freedom Summer and the Selma March? COS 12 112 COS 12 COS 12 113 114 As a member of the Nation of Islam, what did Malcolm X encourage African Americans to do? In 1957, how did President Eisenhower use the Arkansas National Guard? Who organized the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)? COS 12 COS 12 115 116 What was a consequence of protesters’ involvement in “sit-ins”? How did James Meredith advance the cause of civil rights? COS 12 COS 12 117 118 COS 12 119 Who wrote the famous “Letter from a Birmingham Jail”? Who became one of the most important symbols of the civil rights movement in the 1950s? What doctrine relating to public education was overturned by the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education? What principle, described by President Eisenhower became associated with American involvement in Southeast Asia? What did television coverage of the Vietnam War show the American people? What congressional action gave President Johnson the authority to escalate the Vietnam War? What was one reason for the creation of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial? regime there. The Soviets removed their missiles from Cuba. William Calley to kill foliage to expose Viet Cong hiding places elaborate tunnel systems the Tet offensive Ho Chi Minh Vietnamization Republican Richard Nixon Cambodia Kent State University to demand U.S. withdrawal from Vietnam the domino theory It brought the brutality of the war into American homes. the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution to help heal the wounds created by the war conscientious objectors College students could easily avoid the draft. nonviolent protest because he considered it the most segregated city in the country to convince Congress to pass civil rights legislation Many African Americans were elected to office at all levels. separate from white society and lead their own communities Alabama to get voting rights legislation passed to separate themselves from white society enforce school integration African American ministers time in jail He tried to enroll at Ole Miss. Martin Luther King, Jr. Rosa Parks “separate but equal” Page 4 of 6 COS 12 COS 12 COS 12 120 121 122 COS 12 COS 12 COS 12 123 124 125 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 specifically prohibited discrimination in what area? De facto segregation is a form of bias that results from which of the following? What did Lyndon Johnson have to do to gain passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964? Who was the president that desegregated the military? Who was the first African American to play Major League Baseball? What amendment outlawed the poll tax? COS 12 COS 12 126 127 Who was the first African American United States Supreme Court Justice? Why did President Kennedy move slowly on civil rights issues? COS 12 128 COS 12 129 What did the brutality against African Americans in Birmingham prompt Kennedy to do? Why was the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party organized? COS 12 130 How did SNCC change under the leadership of Stokely Carmichael? COS 12 131 What did the Black Panthers want African Americans to do? COS 12 132 Which of the following leaders were assassinated in 1968? COS 13 133 What prevented the Equal Rights Amendment from becoming a law? COS 13 134 What was the Woodstock festival? COS 13 135 What did men and women do to express themselves during the 1960s counterculture? COS 13 136 COS 13 137 What did Dr. Benjamin Spock and Betty Friedan disagree about concerning the role of women? What was one goal of the American Indian Movement? COS 13 COS 13 138 139 Which U.S. Supreme Court decision legalized abortion? What was the greatest environmental threat of nuclear power plants? COS 13 COS 13 140 141 COS 13 142 Where did the women’s movement borrow legal tools and inspiration? What was created by the government as a result of pressure from environmental activists? What was one successful strategy used by Cesar Chávez? COS 13 COS 13 143 144 Who wrote The Feminine Mystique? What theory does the term feminism describe? COS 13 145 COS 13 146 Although American Latinos come from different countries, what do they have in common? How did Asian Americans fare during the 1960s and 1970s? COS 13 147 What issue caused the growth of the women’s movement of the 1960s? COS 13 COS 14 148 149 COS 14 150 How did television help spur economic growth? What was the economic result of OPEC’s 1973 embargo on shipping oil to the United States? Why was the Committee to Reelect the President formed? COS 14 151 What was Nixon’s greatest foreign policy accomplishment? public accommodations habit and tradition overcome Senate filibusters Harry S Truman Jackie Robinson the Twenty-fourth Amendment Thurgood Marshall to avoid offending southern Democratic senators propose a stronger civil rights bill to send delegates to the Democratic National Convention It became increasingly militant. lead their own communities Martin Luther King, Jr., and Robert Kennedy It failed to be ratified by enough states. a peaceful concert of major rock bands grew their hair long and wore nontraditional clothes Who should stay home with their children. autonomy, or selfgovernment, for Native Americans Roe v. Wade radioactivity released into the air civil rights movement Environmental Protection Agency nationwide consumer boycott Betty Friedan the equality of women and men They all speak the same language. They made economic gains but continued to face discrimination. various forms of job discrimination through its advertisements higher inflation and another recession at home ensure an overwhelming victory for Nixon in 1972 bringing about American détente with the Soviet Union and China Page 5 of 6 COS 14 152 What did SALT I prove to the world? COS 14 153 Why did the Watergate break-in occur? COS 14 COS 14 COS 14 154 155 156 What did Nixon do to reduce the growth of government spending? What did Neil Armstrong and “Buzz” Aldrin accomplish on July 20, 1969? What was included in Nixon’s “southern strategy”? COS 14 157 Why did Nixon have Archibald Cox, the special prosecutor, fired? COS 14 158 Why did Gerald Ford say he pardoned Richard Nixon? COS 14 159 In what area did Carter outdo previous administrations? COS 14 160 Why did Congress pass the War Powers Act in 1973? COS 14 161 COS 14 162 COS 14 163 COS 14 164 COS 14 COS 14 COS 14 165 166 167 COS 14 168 COS 14 169 The 1979 Camp David Accords hosted by President Carter led to peace between what Arab nation and Israel? Who is the only person that served as both Vice President and President yet was never elected by the American people? President Ford faced an economy with both rising inflation and rising unemployment. What is this economic phenomenon called? Who were the Washington Post reporters who tried to investigate the Watergate coverup? What was Henry Kissinger’s position in the Nixon Administration? Why did Nixon resign? What was one major factor contributing to Ronald Reagan’s defeat of President Carter in 1980? What did the "supply side" economics of President Ronald Reagan and President George Bush favor? What was one of President Reagan’s main goals? COS 14 170 COS 14 COS 14 COS 14 COS 14 171 172 173 174 COS 14 175 What program proposed under the Reagan administration was known as “Star Wars”? What coalition was formed by conservative groups in 1980? Who was the first female United States Supreme Court Justice? What promise to the American people did President George H. W. Bush break? How did the Soviet policies of perestroika and glasnost help bring an end to the Cold War? What was a major reason that President George H. W. Bush responded forcefully to Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait? that the superpowers could reach agreements limiting nuclear arms The Committee to Reelect the President wanted to wiretap the Democratic National Committee Headquarters. cut social programs They walked on the moon. preventing the extension of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 Nixon did not want to release secret audiotapes. because he thought it was the correct thing to do for the country in the number of women and minorities he appointed to limit the president’s authority to wage war Egypt Gerald Ford stagflation Woodward and Bernstein Secretary of State to avoid impeachment the hostage crisis in Iran providing incentives to stimulate business growth to cut back on government regulation of business and industry New Federalism the New Right Sandra Day O’Connor to not increase taxes They helped cause the fall of Communist regimes in Eastern Europe. He wanted to protect the flow of oil to the West. Page 6 of 6