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Study Guide for Complements Test Key Terms to Know Direct object Indirect object Predicate nominative Predicate adjective Steps for Finding a Direct Object 1. Find the subject. 2. Find the verb. Determine if it’s action or linking. 3. If it’s an action verb, ask “who” or “what” after the subject and verb. 4. The answer is the direct object. Example The dog carried the bone to its owner. Step 1: What is the subject? Dog Step 2: What is the verb? Carried Is it an action verb? Yes Step 3: The dog carried what? Bone Answer: Bone is the direct object. Steps for Finding an Indirect Object 1. Find the subject. 2. Find the verb. Determine if it’s action or linking. 3. If it’s an action verb, find the direct object by asking “who” or “what” after the subject and verb. 4. Next ask “to who or what” or “for who or what”. 5. The answer is the indirect object. Example The student gave her teacher the assignment that was due yesterday. Step 1: What is the subject? Student Step 2: What is the verb? Gave Is it an action verb? Yes Step 3: The student gave what? Assignment (So assignment is the direct object.) Step 4: The student gave the assignment to who? Teacher Answer: Teacher is the indirect object. Steps for finding a Predicate Nominative or Predicate Adjective 1. Find the subject. 2. Find the verb. Determine if it’s action or linking. 3. If the verb is linking, find the word that renames or identifies the subject OR the word that describes the subject. 4. If the word is renaming or identifying the subject and it’s a noun or pronoun, it is a predicate nominative. If the word is describing the subject and it’s an adjective, it is a predicate adjective. Example The baby is cranky. Step 1: What is the subject? Baby Step 2: What is the verb? Is Is it action or linking? Linking Step 3: What word is renaming or describing the subject? Cranky Step 4: Is it a noun, pronoun, or adjective? Adjective Answer: Cranky is the predicate adjective. The baby is a boy. Step 1: What is the subject? Baby Step 2: What is the verb? Is Is it action or linking? Linking Step 3: What word is renaming or describing the subject? Boy Step 4: Is it a noun, pronoun, or adjective? Noun Answer: Boy is the predicate nominative. Things to Remember Direct and indirect objects follow action verbs. Indirect objects always come between the action verb and the direct object. There cannot be an indirect object without a direct object. There can be a direct object without an indirect object. Predicate nominatives and adjectives follow linking verbs. Predicate nominatives can be tested by replacing the linking verb with an equal sign. The words should be referring to the same noun or pronoun in that sentence. (ex. Baby = Boy in the example above) Predicate adjectives always describe the subject. (ex. Cranky describes the subject baby in the example above) Complements are never in a prepositional phrase.