Download SECTIONALISM (ch 13, 15)

Wood, USH
LanierMS 1112
UNIT 5: Civil War Era, 1850 - 1877
Mar 30 – May 31, 2011
SECTIONALISM (ch 13, 15)
Summaries
 Sectionalism: before 1860 the North & the South were separated by economic, political & cultural differences
that became increasingly difficult to compromise.
 After the election of Abraham Lincoln several southern states seceded from the Union, an action that led to
civil war in 1861.
Essential Information (you should be able to answer by the end of the unit):
 What were the economic, political and cultural differences between Northern & Southern states in the
antebellum period?
 How did the following contribute to the civil war: states' rights, tariffs, economic differences, slavery
 What compromises were made to settle sectional differences?
 How did the south & north respond to events -> war?
A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure permanently half-slave and
half-free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved - I do not expect the house to fall - but I do expect it will cease to
be divided. It will become all one thing or all the other.
~ Abraham Lincoln, 1858 (Republican candidate for Illinois senate
Terms to KNOW:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Impact of cotton gin, 1793
Missouri Compromise, 1820
Compromise of 1850
Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Daniel Webster
Henry Clay
John C. Calhoun
Stephen Douglas
Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln-Douglas debates, 1858
John Brown
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
Uncle Tom's Cabin, 1852
Republican Party, 1854
Bleeding Kansas
Dred Scott v. Sandford, 1857
Harper's Ferry, 1859
Election of 1860
Civil War, 1861-65 (ch 16)
Summaries
 Both sides thought the war would last only a couple of months & each was confident of its own victory.
 Advanced weaponry & primitive knowledge of hygene & medicine increased dismemberment & death.
 The South was counting on aid (or at least recognition) of Great Britain.
 The motivation to fight in the North changed over the course of the war.
 After four years of war and more than 600,000 casualities, the Union army defeated the South.
Essential Information (you should be able to answer by the end of the unit):
 How did North & the South strengths & weaknesses determine their military strategies?
 How were civilians & African-Americans a part of the war effort?
 How was Lincoln's political position on slavery expressed throughout the war?
War is cruelty. There is no use trying to reform it. The crueler it is, the sooner it will be over.
~ General William Tecumseh Sherman (Union general who
waged "total war" & burned Georgia in "Sherman's March"
Wood, USH
LanierMS 1112
UNIT 5: Civil War Era, 1850 - 1877
Mar 30 – May 31, 2011
Terms to KNOW:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Border States
Blockade
Emancipation Proclamation , 1862
Draft Law
War opposition in North
Economic problems in South
Gettysburg Address
Total War
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
NORTH
President Abraham Lincoln
Gen. George McClellan (eastern front)
Gen. U.S. Grant (western front)
Gen. George Meade (Gettysburg)
Gen. William Sherman (March to the Sea)
Ft. Sumter, SC
** first battle of war **
First Battle of Bull Run / Manassas Junction, VA
The Monitor v. the Merrimack, VA
Battle of Shiloh, TN
Battle of Antietam, MD
** bloodiest 1 day battle in the war **
Battle of Chancellorsville, VA
Battle of Gettysburg, PA ** turning point of the war **
> Pickett's Charge
Siege at Vicksburg, MS
** turning point of the war **
Atlanta burned & Sherman's March to the Sea
Surrender at Appomattox Court House, VA
SOUTH
President Jefferson Davis
Gen. Robert E. Lee (eastern front)
Gen. Stonewall Jackson (western front)
RECONSTRUCTION (ch 17)
Summaries
 Disagreements between the executive and legislative branches about who should control Southern
reconstruction led to a Congressional power grab in the impeachment of Andrew Johnson.
 Reconstruction amendments after the war recognized African-American citizenship & suffrage and changed
American race relations while the Northern victory changed the U.S. economic focus and answered the
question of the constitutionality of secession.
 Reconstruction was a mixed bag of success and left bitter & deep resentments in the South.
Essential Information (you should be able to answer by the end of the unit):
 How did each Reconstruction plan (executive, Radical Republicans) address the issues of the re-admittance of
Southern states into the Union, what should be done for the freedmen, and what should be done to the leaders
of the Southern rebellion?
 How were reconstruction & civil rights enforced in the South?
 What impact did reconstruction have on African-Americans?
 What happened in the South after Reconstruction?
The slave went free; stood a brief moment in the sun; then moved back again toward slavery
~ W.E.B. Du Bois, Civil Rights leader
Terms to KNOW:
Ten Percent Plan (Lincoln)
First Reconstruction Act of 1867
Radical Republicans
Freedmen's Bureau
Lincoln's assassination / John Wilkes Booth
Andrew Johnson
Tenure of Office Act
Johnson impeached
Ku Klux Klan
Sharecropping
Black Codes
Scalawags & Carpetbaggers
13th Amendment
14th Amendment
15th Amendment
Civil Rights Act f 1866
Amnesty Act 1872
Compromise of 1877
Jim Crow laws / segregation