Download Station 14 – Fruit- Observe the specimens at this

Name __________________________________
Period ______
Plant Structure- A Survey Lab
Station 1 Roots:
Examine the two roots on your table. Classify each specimen as fibrous or tap. Explain how you determined the
classification and list the specific function of each root type. Use page 579-588 of your textbook.
1.
Specimen A is classified as a:
A. fibrous root
B. tap root
2.
The function of this type of root is ____________________________________________________.
3.
Specimen B is classified as a
4.
The function of this type of root is ____________________________________________________.
A. fibrous root
B. tap root
Station 2- Roots:
Examine the two root slides at your station. Sketch each slide and label the following parts: xylem, phloem, vascular
cylinder, epidermis, cortex, and endodermis. Use page 584.
1. Ranunculus (dicot root)
2. Zea mays (monocot root)
Magnification: _____
Magnification: _____
1. What pattern is observed in the DICOT root?
A. ring
B. Scattered
C. Star/ X
2. What pattern is observed in the MONOCOT root?
A. ring
B. Scattered
C. Star/ X
Station 3- Roots:
Examine the root tip slide. Locate a root hair. Page 585
1. Describe the appearance of one root hair: ___________________________________________
2. Locate the root tip. This region contains the ______ cells of the root.
A. largest
B. smallest
3. Mitosis occurs in
A. Zone of Maturation
B. Zone of Elongation
C. Zone of Cell Division
4. Mitosis occurs ____________ the tip of the root.
A. near
B. far away from
Station 4- Roots:
Examine the diagrams below. Identify each root using the following terms: taproot or fibrous root. Use pages 570, 584588.
1. What type of root is observed in grass?
A. Taproot
B. Fibrous
2. This type of root is characteristic of :
A. monocots
B. dicots
3. What type of root is observed in a carrot?
A. Taproot
B. Fibrous
4. This type of root is characteristic of :
A. monoctos
B. dicots
Grass
Carrot
Station 5- Stems:
Examine the stem slides of a monocot and dicot on low power and observe the tissues within. Sketch each slide and label
the following parts: vascular bundles, xylem, phloem, epidermis, cortex. Use page 590-591.
1. Dicot Stem: Herbaceous/Woody Stem
Magnification:________
2. Monocot Stem: Zea mays
Magnification:________
Name __________________________________
Period ______
1. What pattern is observed in a DICOT stem?
A. ring
B. Scattered
C. Star/ X
2. What pattern is observed in the MONOCOT stem?
A. ring
B. Scattered
C. Star/ X
Station 6:
Compare the function of root and stem epidermis layers.
*Both roots and stems have a layer of epidermis that forms the outer layer of cells.
Use the following answer choices for questions 1 and 2.
A. production
B. absorption
C. retention
1. The function of the epidermis layer of the root is _________________________________ of water.
2. The function of the epidermis layer of the stem is _________________________________ of water.
*Comparing Primary and Secondary Growth in stems.
Use the following answer choices for questions 3 and 4. Page 590-591.
A. secondary
B. primary
3. The method of growth occurring only at the ends of a plant is considered to be ________________________ growth.
4. The method of growth in which stems increase in width is called ____________________________ growth.
Station 7- Stems:
Cross section of annual rings. Growth rings contain a great deal of
information about a tree’s growth. Use this simple illustration of a
cross section of a tree to answer the following questions. Page 592
1. Look at ring 4. What does it tell you about the tree’s
growth that year? ___________________________
__________________________________________
2. What environmental factors can affect a tree’s growth?
___________________________________________
4 6 8 10
12
3. Look at rings 6, 7, &8. What pattern do you see? _____
____________________________________________
4. If the tree from which this cross section was obtained died in
1990, in what year did it begin to grow? ______
5. Some squirrels pull the bark off trees in search of food. Why is this not good for a tree? _____________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Station 8- Stems: Answer the following questions.
1. Observe the stems on page 594. Some stems are modified to store ___________ so that they can remain
_________________ during cold or dry period and until ______________________ conditions for growth return.
2. Use page 571. Which kind of stem provides support for the plant body?
A. Woody
B. Herbaceous
3. Use page 571. Which kind of stem is smooth, not woody, green in color?
A. Woody
B. Herbaceous
4. Why can some stems carry out photosynthesis? ________________________________________________________
Station 9- Leaf: Use the directions at this station to prepare a slide for observing stoma. Make a sketch of your
observations and label cuticle, epidermis, palisade mesophyll, xylem, phloem, stoma, guard cells and spongy mesophyll.
Use page 596.
Magnification: ______
Station 10- Leaf: Answer the following questions regarding leaves. Use pages 595-598.
1. Many houseplants have very thick, waxy leaves. They do not wilt as quickly as houseplants with thinner leaves.
Explain why. ____________________________________________________________________________________
2. What is the name of the process in which water is lost through the leaves into the atmosphere? ____________________
3. What would happen to the gases and water in a leaf if the guard cells were closer together, that is, if the stoma were
smaller in size?
A. increased gas exchange & transpiration
C. increased gas exchange, but decreased transpiration
B. decreased gas exchange & transpiration
D. decreased gas exchange, but increased transpiration
Name __________________________________
Period ______
4. Consider the structure of the leaves of a needle-leaf plant such as a pine tree. Describe at least two adaptations that
enable the pine tree to survive a drought. (Page 598) ________________________________________________ and
___________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Describe how a plant such as a cactus is adapted to survive both drought and being eaten by herbivores. (Page 598)
________________________________________________________________________________________________
Station 11- Flowers: Use the information at this station to answer the following questions. (Page 570)
1. Study flower “A”. Flower “A” is classified as a
A. monocot
B. dicot
2. How do you know this? ________________________________________________________________
3. Study flower “B”. Flower “B” is classified as a
A. monocot
B. dicot
4. How do you know this? ________________________________________________________________
Station 12- Flowers: Sketch the dissected flower under the stereoscope. Label the following structures: petals, style,
filament, ovary, stigma, sepals, and anther. Use page 612 for help.
1. Place a circle around all the female reproductive parts.
2. Place a box around all the male reproductive parts.
Station 13- Flowers: Answer the following questions.
1. Flowers coevolved with what animal(s)? page 569 _______________________________
2. What would be the adaptive advantage for flowers to be fertilized through cross-pollination? (pages 264; 615)
_____________________________
3. Most gymnosperms and some angiosperms are pollinated by: (page 615) _______________________________
4. Most angiosperms are pollinated by: (page 615) _______________________________
4. List two different adaptations flower petals have developed in order to attract pollinators: (page 615)
_________________________________________ and ____________________________________________
Station 14 – Fruit- Observe the specimens at this station and answer the following questions.
1. How many seeds are in the apple?
_________
2. What function do you think the fleshy part (white) of this fruit serves for the seed? (page 569)_____________________
3. A bell pepper is considered to be a fruit because it contains _______________________________________
4. Some fruits are classified as being dry fruits while others are classified as fleshy fruits.
Which fruits are dry fruits? _________________________ Which are fleshy fruits? ____________________
5. The sunflower seed was originally what part of the flower? ______________________
Station 15- Seeds: Use page 619 to answer the following questions.
1. Observe the tumbleweed in figure 24-12. These seeds dispersed by ________________
2. In order to be dispersed by wind, seeds would need to have what characteristics? _______________________________
3. Why is it beneficial for seeds to be dispersed far away from the parent plant? ________________________
4. Observe figure 24-11. This seed is dispersed by ___________________
5. In order to be dispersed this way (#4), seeds would need to have what characteristics? ___________________________
6. Coconuts disperse their seeds by ________________________
7. Why is it adaptive for some seeds to remain dormant before they germinate? (p. 620) ___________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Name __________________________________
Period ______
Station 16 – Plant Responses and Adaptations: Use chapter 25 to answer the following questions.
1. What effects do hormones have within a growing plant? (page 634) _________________________________________
2. A person who trims trees for a living must know the effect of apical dominance on the shape of trees. Explain. _______
________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. A potted coleus plant has been sitting on a sunny windowsill for 2 weeks. It has been watered but not otherwise
touched. The stem and leaves might be ____ the window?
A. leaning towards
B. leaning away
What kind of tropism is being exhibited? _______________________________
4. Picture a grapevine that is growing close to a wire mesh fence. Describe the structural adaptation that this plant
exhibits, enabling it to cling to the fence. What is this type of growth response called?(pgae 639)
_________________________
5. Unlike animals, plants cannot run away from their predators. Give one example of a physiological adaptation
that plants employ to protect themselves from the predators in their environment. _____________________________
6. While walking through a forest you notice that someone has carved “KCHS 2005” into the bark of the tree. The words
are exactly 1.5 meters from the ground. Where will these words be located on the tree when they have the class’ 10 year
reunion? _______________________________________________________________________________________
7. Explain why. ___________________________________________________________________________________