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Name ___________________ Unit 4: Plants Study Guide I am signing this to inform that my child studied the material for the Plant Kingdom Test and completed this guide by Thursday, November 9th, and is prepared to take the unit test the following day. Parent Signature ____________________________________ Test is Thursday, November 10th Vocabulary: 1. __________________Kingdom of multicellular autotrophs that rely on energy from the sun to produce their own food through the process of photosynthesis. 2. __________________Process that occurs in the chloroplast of autotrophs that requires sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water. 3. __________________Tough outer part of plant cells that provides protection and support. 4. __________________ Process that occurs in the mitochondria that uses oxygen to break down glucose in order to release cellular energy (ATP). 5. __________________ Pigment found in the chloroplast that is responsible for capturing the sun’s energy in the process of photosynthesis. Introduction to Plants 1. List 4 characteristics of the organisms found in the plant kingdom: a. ___________________________________ b. ___________________________________ c. ___________________________________ d. ___________________________________ 2. The cell wall of plant cells is made up of _________________. 3. Give two reasons plants are important: a. _________________________________________________________________________ b. _________________________________________________________________________ 5. Scientist believe that plants probably evolved from an organism similar to today’s ________________. 6. Evidence that supports this theory are a. They have similar ___________________. b. ______________ in their cell walls. c. Similar ______________, like chlorophyll. d. ______________ evidence. Look at your cladogram: 7. The first plants to evolve adaptations to life on land were the _______________ 8. These plants have vascular tissue but seedless_________________ 9. This group of plants produce seeds and have vascular tissue, but not flowers __________. 10. The ______________ contain the largest number of species of plants and are considered the most successful because of their ability to produce flowers for reproduction. 11. Give two major characteristics of the following plant groups and two examples: a. Bryophytes-1. _______________________ 2. __________________________ Ex:________________ ____________________ Why do bryophytes depend of water for reproduction? ____________________________________________ b. Ferns- 1. ______________________________2.___________________________ Ex:__________________ ____________________ Why are ferns able to grow taller than the bryophytes? _____________________________________________ c. Gymnosperms- 1.________________________2. __________________________ Ex: ___________________ ___________________ Pollination in gymnosperms occurs mostly by ____________________. d. Angiosperms- 1. ___________________________2. __________________________ Ex: ___________________ ______________________ Pollination in angiosperms occurs mostly by ________________________. Monocot or Dicot? The flower to the left is a monocot or dicot. Label all the clues that supports your answer. Structures and Tissues Notes 1. _____________________ - embryo of a plant that is protected by a covering and surrounded by a food supply. 2. What two groups of plants produce seeds? ________________ and __________________ 3. Name three characteristics seeds might have for easy dispersal away from the parent plant: a. b. c. 4. _____________________- system of “tubes” throughout a plant; two types- xylem and phloem. The ______________ transports water and minerals and the _______________ transports food. 5. __________________-openings on bottom of leaf that allow gases to enter and leave. 6. The ___________ is a waxy covering of a leaf that protects the leaf from drying out. Label all of the blanks from questions 4-6 onto the diagram to the right 7. ____________________ is the male reproductive parts of the flower. 8. _____________________ is the female part of the flower. Label the parts of the flower and write the function next to each part. 1.Stamen a. Anther-_______________________________ b. Filament-_____________________________ 2. Carpel (pistil) a) Stigma-_____________________________ b) Style- ______________________________ c)Ovules-______________________________ d) Ovary- _____________________________ Petals- _____________________________________ Sepals- _____________________________________