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Name:________________________________ Section:____________ Social Studies Chapter 15: Learning About Hindu Beliefs Chapter 15 Vocabulary Please use your green resources packet to write a definition of the following words: Hinduism dharma Brahman deities karma samsara Vedas Sanskrit Brahmanism caste reincarnation pilgrimage 1 Chapter 15 Pre-Reading 1. What is the title of this chapter? 2. Read the introduction. What is one topic that sounds interesting to you that you will learn about in this chapter? 3. List the headings for each section in the chapter (use the words and the numbers). 4. Choose one picture from the chapter. Write a sentence about how you think it relates to the chapter. __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Read the chapter summary. Write one sentence to explain what you think is the main idea of the chapter. __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 Chapter 15 Notes Essential Question: What are the basic beliefs of Hinduism and how did they affect daily life in ancient India? Main Ideas: Origins of Hinduism—15.1 & 15.2 Notes: Hinduism was India’s first __________________________________, and has shaped India life in many ways. One sacred text Hindus read to learn how to behave is the _____________________________. Hinduism is extremely old, and began before ____________________ __________________. Who started Hinduism? The ___________________ are a collection of sacred Hindu texts, and are written in _________________, which means ________________. Hindu priests, called _______________________, were important because of the many rituals they performed. _____________________ was when the priests were the dominant class. Caste system—15.3 Hinduism had four main _______________________, called the ________________ system. Each class had its own duty to follow. A fifth class, called the __________________, were people who were considered dirty or lowly. They were rejected from Indian society. 3 Indians were __________________ into their caste, and could ______ change it. They married people within their ___________. Brahman—15.4 ______________ is the head god of Hinduism, and only he exists ____________. He is constantly _______________, ______________, and _____________________ the world in a never-ending cycle. Everything and everyone is connected to and a part of ____________. To worship Brahman and other gods, Hindus have built many ________________, buildings decorated with beautiful religious art. Today, Hindus still visit these temples, where they do things such as… 4 Mutiple deities (gods)—15.5 All deities (gods) in Hinduism are a part of ___________________, and each one represents one of his powers. Important Hindu gods and what he/she is responsible for: 1. Responsible for: 2. Responsible for: 3. Responsible for: 4. Responsible for: 5. Responsible for: Hindus have many holidays and festivals. Hindu New Year is celebrated as a part of the ______________ festival. Divali means ___________________, which are symbols of good winning over evil. 5 Dharma—15.6 Dharma represents _________, __________________, and ________. Following your dharma means to do the things you are supposed to do. Each caste had its own ____________ to follow so that people would know how to do their jobs. There was also common dharma, a set of values for everyone to follow. For example, all Hindus believe in _______________________, and that all forms of life should be respected. The animal that best symbolizes this idea for Hindus is the __________, which is treated as sacred. Karma—15.7 Karma is made up of _______________________________________ ________________________________________________________. It determined what happened to people’s souls after they died. If people lived well, they would be reborn into a _________ caste in their next life. If they lived badly, they would be reborn into a __________ one, and maybe even as an ____________________. Karma meant that the universe was ______________, and that people were ________________ or ___________________ for the good and evil they had done. Samsara—15.8 Samsara is the continuous cycle of _______________, ____________, and __________________ (reincarnation). 6 Hindus’ goal is to be released from samsara, and samsara ends when they are united with _________________. In order for this to happen, they must follow the basic beliefs of Hinduism by: 1. 2. 3. Many Hindus also go on holy journeys called __________________, where they travel to sacred places like the ____________________ and _____________________________________. Many Hindus still make these pilgrimages today. Summary: 7