Download PHYSICS I FALL FINAL REVIEW Use the graph above to answer the

PHYSICS I FALL FINAL REVIEW
Use the graph above to answer the following questions:
1. During which time interval did it first travel in a positive direction? Negative
direction?
2. How fast is the cart moving in the first 10 second? 10-15 seconds? 20-30
seconds?
3. What is the total distance traveled? What is the total displacement?
4. The slope of the line on a velocity vs. time graph reveals information about an
object’s acceleration. Use the graph above and apply this understanding to the
questions below:
A. A horizontal line means________________________________
B. A straight diagonal line means___________________________
C. A gradually slope line means____________________________
D. A steeply sloped line means ____________________________
5. A quantity that is conscious of direction is referred to as a ___________. (scalar
quantity / vector quantity)
6.
Label the following as vector or scalar: displacement___, distance___,
speed___, velocity___, acceleration___, time____
7. Determine the resultant vectors of the diagrams below using the head to tail
vector addition method.
8. A plane travels south at 40 km/hr. A 20 km/hr westerly wind is acting on the
plane. What is the speed of the plane relative to the ground?
9. An athlete attempting a long jump runs down the track at 40km/hr before
launching himself vertically into the air. What is his speed in the air if he launches
himself with a vertical velocity of 20 km/hr?
10. A bullet leaves a rifle with a muzzle velocity of 521 m/s. While accelerating
through the barrel of the rifle, the bullet moves a distance of 0.840 m. Determine
the acceleration of the bullet (assume a uniform acceleration).
11. A rock is dropped from a rest position at the top of a cliff and falls freely to the
valley below in 5 seconds. Assuming negligible air resistance, use kinematic
equations to determine the distance fallen.
12. Which hits the ground first, a ball thrown horizontally from the top of a building or
a ball dropped directly down from the same point? Explain.
13. A child pushes a shuffleboard disk across a concrete court, expecting it to make it
to the far side. The disk slows to a stop, just short of the scoring area of the
court. Explain what might have happened in physics terms.
14. Look at the diagram below. Give the value and direction of the net force.
Calculate the acceleration of the object.
F2=8 N
F1=10 N
5.0 kg
15. A 921-kg sports car is moving rightward with a speed of 29.0 m/s. The driver
suddenly slams on the brakes and the car skids to a stop over the course of 3.20
seconds with the wheels locked. Determine the average resistive force acting
upon the car.
16. The diagram below shows the forces acting on a box sitting on a table.
diagram to answer the following questions.
Use the
60 N
50 N
90 N
60 N
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
Are the forces that are acting on the box balanced?
In what direction is the box moving?
Does the box have a constant velocity?
Is the box accelerating?
What is the mass of the box?
What force is represented by the arrow pointing up?
Why is this equal to the arrow going down?
What is the net force acting on the box?
(Challenge) Calculate the coefficient of friction between the box and the table.
17. Use the diagram below to answer the following questions.
Ricky
35 m/s
Bobby
32 m/s
32 m/s
a. Define “frame of reference.”
b. Which object in the diagram would be the best frame of reference for Ricky to
determine how fast he is moving relative to the ground?
c. Does Ricky have a greater speed relative to the tree, Bobby, or the sheriff?
d. Which would happen first, Ricky being a distance of 100 meters from the tree,
or Bobby being 100 meters from the sheriff?
e. Calculate Bobby’s speed relative to the sheriff’s speed.
f. (Challenge) If at the time of the picture Ricky was 5 meters ahead of Bobby,
how far ahead of Bobby would Ricky be in 10 minutes?
Sheriff
18. If all objects are attracted to the earth due to earth’s gravity, how can Newton
explain why satellites that are put in space are not falling to the earth as an apple
that fell on his head when he was sitting under the apple tree?
19. The Gravitation force between two objects is impacted both by the mass of the
objects and the distance between them as given by the Law of Gravitation. Circle
the correct answer as to how the force of attraction between the objects when the
changes to either the mass or the distance between them are made as indicated
below:
a. Move the masses closer. When they move closer the force between them
becomes (Greater/Less/the same)
b. Move the masses further apart. When the masses move away the force
between them becomes (Greater/Less/the same)
c. Double Mass 1. When mass 1 is doubled the force between them becomes
(Greater/Less/the same)
d. Cut Mass 2 in half. When the mass is reduced the force between them
becomes (Greater/Less/the same)
20. Based on the Universal Law of Gravitation, how do the following changes affect
the force of attraction between the earth and the moon and the number of days
of the lunar month (a lunar month is 28 days – the time it takes the moon to
orbit the earth)?
Change
Increase the mass of the
earth
Increase the mass of the
moon
Increase the mass of the
moon and the earth
Increase the radius of the
earth
Increase the radius of the
moon
Increase the mass of the
moon and the earth
Decrease the mass of the
earth
Decrease the mass of the
moon
Decrease the radius of the
moon
Decrease the radius of the
earth
Decrease the radius of the
moon and the earth
Force of attraction
(Increase/Decrease)
Length of Lunar Month
(Increase/Decrease)
21. There are two spheres, each with a mass of 400,000 kg. If they are 100 meters
apart, what is the gravitational force between them?
22. There are two spheres floating in space. Sphere 1 has a mass of 2 X1011kg;
sphere 2 has a mass of 2 X1016 kg. If their centers are 2 X 1015 meters apart,
what is the gravitation force between them?
23. The planet Neptune is 4.50 x1012 km from the sun. The mass of the sun is 1.99
x1030 kg and the mass of the Neptune is 1.02 × 1026 kg. What is the force of
attraction between the Neptune and the sun?
24. A total of 2000 J of work was done when a force of 25 N was exerted on a box to
move it. How far was the box moved?
25. Joe pushes a wagon using 20 N of force. He travels 10 m in 2 minutes. What
amount of power does he use? A man is on a ladder 2 meters above ground.
What happens to the man’s potential energy if the man is on the ladder 6 meters
above ground?
26. Find the gravitational potential energy of a 5-kg book that is lifted a vertical
distance of 3m.
27. A 0.5-kg steel ball is dropped from a height (h) of 90 m. Neglecting air
resistance, what is its mechanical energy at a height of 36 m?
28. A weightlifter raises a barbell 1.5 m, doing 600 J of work. What is the weight
force of the barbell?
29. As an object falls freely, what happens to the potential and kinetic energy of the
object?
30. Which object has the greatest kinetic energy?
a. a 40 kg mass traveling at 2 m/s
b. a 20 kg mass traveling at 4 m/s
c. a 10 kg mass traveling at 12 m/s
d. a 15 kg mass traveling at 5 m/s
31. Use the diagram below to answer parts a-e.
a. At what point does the bicyclist have the greatest potential energy
b. At what point does the bicyclist have the greatest kinetic energy
c. At what point does the bicyclist have the greatest speed
d. At what point does the bicyclist have the least potential energy
e. At what point does the bicyclist have the smallest speed
32. The 900kg curiosity rover travels at 2.3 m/s along the Martian surface. What is
its momentum?
33. A 20,000-kg metro train travelling at 30 m/s hits a 1,000-kg Toyota parked on
the tracks. What is the total momentum for this inelastic collision? What is the
velocity of the train+car immediately after the collision?
34. Two bumper cars are travelling toward one another, each with a mass of 450 kg.
They collide head-on and bounce back in opposite directions. The first car was
initially travelling at 4 m/s and the second car at 6 m/s. If, after the collision, the
first car has a velocity of 3 m/s, what is the velocity of the second car after the
collision?
35. An 85-kg student standing on a stationary skateboard hurls a basketball at
another student. If the basketball has a momentum of 7.5 kgm/s after being
thrown, what is the speed of the student after throwing the ball?
36. A large angry bird has a mass of 50 kg. It crashes into a building with a velocity
of 15 m/s. After 1.5 seconds, it comes to a stop. What was the Force that
brought the bird to a stop?
37. A student driver slams on the breaks of their car. The car experiences a friction
force of 1050 N over the course of 0.65 seconds. What was the magnitude of the
impulse of the car?