Download Plant Test Review

CHAPTER 29, 30 & 35-39 REVIEW
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bryophytes vs. tracheophytes
what are the ancestors of plants? why are they considered the ancestors of
plants?
adaptations for land
heterospory
defining characteristics of land plants
alternation of generations
why are angiosperms the most successful land plants?
why double fertilization?
advantage of seeds?
how do ferns reproduce?
how do mosses reproduce?
how do pine trees reproduce?
how do flowering plants reproduce?
vascular tissue
xylem vs. phloem
taproots vs. fibrous roots
monocots vs. dicots
differences in root and leaf structure
cell types (mesophyll, sieve-tube members, vessel elements, companion cells,
guard cells, etc.)
stomata – how do they open and close
adaptations to reduce water loss in arid environments
apical dominance
apical meristem vs. lateral meristem
know the parts of a growing root (zones)
hydrophytes
guttation
cavitation
source to sink?
transpiration
how does water move through a plant?
water potential – where is it lowest
epiphytes
carnivorous plants
parasitic plants
most of a plant’s dry weight comes from?
legumes
Rhizobium?
parts of a developing seed (radicle, cotyledon, etc.)
carpellate flowers
incomplete vs. complete flowers
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perfect vs. imperfect flowers
self-incompatibility
know the plant hormones and their function
know the tropisms
day-neutral, long-day and short-day plants
1. Which of the following is primarily responsible for fruit ripening in plants?
a. Ethylene
b. Auxin
c. Gibberellins
d. Abscissic acid
e. Brassinosteroids
2. Which of the following processes is responsible for the bending of the stem of a
plant toward a light source?
a. The amount of chlorophyll produced on the side facing the light increases.
b. Cell division on the side facing the light increases in speed.
c. Cell division on the side away from the light increases in speed.
d. The cells on the side of the stem facing the light elongate.
e. The cells on the side of the stem away from the light elongate.
3. The driving force for the movement of materials in the xylem of plants is
a. gravity
b. root pressure
c. transpiration
d. the difference in osmotic pressure between the source and the sink
e. osmosis
4. The loss of leaves that some plants experience due to the onset of autumn is a
result of which hormone?
a. Auxin
b. Gibberellic acid
c. Cytokinin
d. Ethylene
e. Abscisic acid
5. In plants that exhibit an alternation of generations in their life cycle, which of the
following is the reason why the sporophyte stage is said to be the dominant
phase?
a. The gametophyte stage lasts longer than the sporophyte stage.
b. The sporophyte stage lasts longer than the gametophyte stage.
c. The sporophyte is the form of the plant that is independent and
conspicuous.
d. The gametophyte is the form of the plant that is independent and
conspicuous.
e. The sporophyte bears a reproductive structure.
6. In plants, translocation occurs as a result of
a. a difference in water potential between a sugar source and a sugar sink
b. transpiration
c. cohesion-adhesion
d. active transport by sieve-tube members
e. active transport by tracheid and vessel cells
For questions 7-11 use the following hormones:
a. abscissic acid
b. auxin
c. cytokinins
d. ethylene
e. gibberellins
7. Produced in the roots and affects root growth and differentiation.
8. Produced in tissues of ripening fruits and affects leaf abscission.
9. Produced in the meristems of buds and roots, promotes seed and bud germination.
10. Produced in the leaves, stems, and roots and inhibits growth and closes stomata
during drought.
11. Produced in seed embryo and apical meristems, stimulates stem elongation and
root growth.
12. Fibrous root systems consist of a network of thin roots that spread out beneath the
surface of the soil. Which of the following is the correct name for a system of
roots that grows in one large vertical root with smaller lateral offshoots?
a. tuberoot
b. taproot
c. toproot
d. stabroot
e. bladeroot
13. The three types of plant tissue, in order from the outside of the plant to the inside
of the plant, are
a. vascular, ground, dermal
b. vascular, dermal, ground
c. ground, vascular, dermal
d. ground, dermal, vascular
e. dermal, ground, vascular
14. A plant whose life span occurs over the course of two years is known as a(n)
a. annual
b. diannual
c. biannual
d. perennial
e. seasonal
15. The region of the plant in which the parenchyma cells are located that are
involved in photosynthesis is called
a. Spongeophyll
b. Mesophyll
c. Epidermis
d. Xylem
e. Phloem
16. In a mesophyll cell of a leaf, the synthesis of ATP takes place in the mitochondria
and which of the following other cell organelles?
a. Chloroplasts
b. Golgi apparatus
c. Nucleus
d. Ribosomes
e. Lysosomes
17. All of the following enhance the uptake of water by a plant’s roots EXCEPT
a. root hairs
b. the large surface area of cortical cells
c. mycorrhizae
d. the attraction of water and dissolved minerals to root hairs
e. gravitational force
18. All of the following contribute to the closing of stomata during the day EXCEPT
a. water deficiency
b. wilting
c. high temperatures
d. excessive rainfall
e. excessive transpiration
19. Which of the following constitute macronutrients, elements needed by the plant in
relatively large amounts?
a. Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen
b. Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and chlorine
c. Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and iron
d. Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and zinc
e. Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and copper
20. Which term describes the symbiotic relationship between the roots of legumes
and fungi?
a. Bacterioids
b. Rhizobium
c. Humus
d. Lichen
e. Mycorrhizae
21. Which of the following terms describes a species of plant that has male and
female reproductive systems on the same individual plant?
a. Deciduous
b. Monoecious
c. Dioecious
d. Dihybrid
e. Monohybrid
22. The point of attachment of a plant leaf and stem is called the
a. carpal
b. petiole
c. blade
d. internode
e. axillary attachment
23. Which of the following is dead at functional maturity?
a. Companion cell
b. Guard cell
c. Palisade mesophyll
d. Sieve-tube members
e. Vessel member
24. Most growth takes place in terminal shoots and roots in
a. the zone of cell division
b. the zone of elongation
c. the zone of maturation
d. meristematic cells
e. vascular cambium
25. A plant with a fibrous root system, leaves with parallel venation and a seed with a
single cotyledon is probably a
a. corn plant
b. fern
c. fir tree
d. pine tree
e. pea plant
26. All of the following are true about the vascular cambium EXCEPT:
a. It increases the girth of plants.
b. It produces secondary xylem.
c. It produces secondary phloem.
d. It produces bark in woody plants.
e. It occurs in the stem and in the root.
27. Root hairs occur on
a. epidermal cells in the zone of cell division
b. epidermal cells in the zone of maturation
c. parenchyma cells in the zone of elongation
d. parenchyma cells in the zone of maturation
e. cells of the root cap
28. A tree was girdled by completely removing a ring of bark from its entire
circumference to a depth to, but not including, the sapwood. This would most
likely result in an inability to
a. transport water to leaves
b. transport water to roots
c. transport carbohydrates to roots
d. carry on photosynthesis
e. obtain water from the surrounding soil
29. Which of the following contributes most to the movement of water through
xylem?
a. Capillary action
b. Carbohydrate utilization in cells that act as sinks
c. Plasmodesmata in sieve plates
d. Root pressure
e. Transpiration
30. All of the following contribute to flowering mechanisms EXCEPT:
a. photoperiodism
b. phytochrome
c. length of night or day light
d. chlorophyll
e. florigen
31. During the middle of the night, a flowering plant was exposed to a sequence of
red and far-red light in the following order: red, far-red, red. All of the following
are true EXCEPT:
a. The active form of phytochrome is Pfr.
b. High levels of Pfr would exist at the end of the sequence.
c. Low levels of Pr would exist at the end of the sequence.
d. In short-day plants, flowering would be induced.
e. In day-neutral plants, flowering would not be affected.
32. All of the following are found in both roots and stems EXCEPT:
a. casparain strip
b. primary phloem
c. primary xylem
d. secondary xylem
e. vascular cambium
33. When stomata are open in C3 plants, one would likely find
a. it is night
b. the guard cells are relaxed
c. the environment is excessively hot and dry
d. a low concentration of K+ in the guard cells
e. low CO2 levels in the leaf
34. Ripening of fruit is promoted by
a. Abscisic acid
b. Cytokinins
c. Ethylene
d. Gibberellins
e. Indoleacetic acid
35. All of the following occur in a phototropic response EXCEPT:
a. Shoots bend toward light
b. Auxin is produced at the shoot tip and diffuses down the stem
c. Auxin accumulates on the shady side of the shoot
d. Auxin transport is unidirectional
e. The movement of auxin down a stem is by active transport.
36. A major change that occurred in the evolution of plants from their algal ancestors
was the origin of a multicellular diploid stage. What advantage would
multicellularity provide in this stage of the life cycle?
a. enhanced potential for independence of the diploid stage from the haploid
stage
b. increased spore production from each fertilization event
c. increased fertilization rate
d. increased size of the diploid stage