Download Plant Review 1. Among other functions, the ____ of a vascular p

Botanist: ________________________
Period: ________ Date: ______
Plant Review
1. Among other functions, the ____ of a vascular plant performs most of the photosynthesis that is conducted by the plant.
a. ground tissue
b. protoderm
c. vascular tissue
d. meristem
e. dermal tissue
2. Cells called ____ make up the bulk of the soft primary growth of roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits.
a. sclerenchyma
b. tracheids
c. collenchyma
d. parenchyma
e. vessel members
3. Cells called ____ are a type of vascular tissue with long, tapered, overlapping ends. They develop thick, lignified cell walls and die at maturity,
leaving a water conducting tube with pits at the tapered ends that allow for lateral water transport between cells.
a. sclerenchyma
b. tracheids
c. collenchyma
d. parenchyma
e. vessel members
4. Plant tissue specialized for conducting fluids is
a. ground tissue.
b. protoderm.
c. vascular tissue.
d. meristem.
e. dermal tissue.
5. Plant surfaces are covered and protected by
a. ground tissue.
b. protoderm.
c. vascular tissue.
d. meristem.
e. dermal tissue.
6. Apical dominance is maintained by
a. hormones released by the terminal bud.
b. sugars produced in the leaves.
c. water transported from the roots.
d. hormones released by the lateral buds.
e. sugars produced in the lateral buds.
7. The process that a tall tree uses to move water to the leaves at the top of the tree involves primarily
a. cohesion and evaporation.
b. evaporation and pumps.
c. capillary action and pumps.
d. positive pressure from roots and cohesion.
e. capillary action and positive pressure from roots.
8. Facilitated diffusion requires
a. a channel protein.
b. both a channel protein and a pore.
c. a hole in the plasma membrane.
d. either a channel protein or a carrier protein.
e. a carrier protein.
9. Which of the following should you expect to find for a living plant cell in a living plant?
a. a cytoplasm that is much more negatively charged than the fluid outside the cell
b. a cytoplasm that has essentially the same charge as the fluid outside the cell
c. a cytoplasm that is slightly more positively charged than the fluid outside the cell
d. a cytoplasm that is much more positively charged than the fluid outside the cell
e. a cytoplasm that is slightly more negatively charged than the fluid outside the cell
10. The typical movement of xylem sap from roots to shoot parts is best described as
a. facilitated diffusion.
b. symport.
c. guttation.
d. osmosis.
e. bulk flow.
11. If the Ψ of surrounding soil is higher than that in living root epidermal cells, then water should
a. leave the root cells, making them flaccid.
b. enter the root cells, making them turgid.
c. leave the root cells, making them turgid.
d. enter the root cells, making them flaccid.
12. If a living plant cell is placed in a beaker with a solution that has a Ψ value lower than the Ψ value of the plant cell, the plant cell will
a. take up water until it bursts.
b. lose water until its Ψ = Ψ of the solution.
c. take up water until within the cell Ψ P = Ψ S.
d. take up water until its Ψ = Ψ S of the solution.
e. lose water until its Ψ S = its Ψ P.
13. The majority of the water in xylem sap typically
a. is used in capturing light energy.
b. becomes part of new plant cells.
c. is used to make sugars.
d. is stored in older plant cells.
e. evaporates into the air.
14. According to the cohesion-tension mechanism of water transport, which of the following contributes to the flow of the xylem sap?
a. hydrogen bonds between water molecules
b. adhesion of water molecules to the xylem vessel walls
c. evaporation of water from the leaves
d. water potential in leaf cells below that of the leaf xylem
e. all of these
15. Under which condition would you expect essentially no transpiration to occur?
a. brisk winds
b. 100 percent relative humidity
c. no winds
d. near freezing air temperature
e. hot air temperature and no winds
16. In most plants stomata are
a. open during the night and closed during the day.
b. nearly always open.
c. closed only when guard cells are not exposed to sunlight.
d. almost never open.
e. open during the day and closed during the night.
17. In CAM plants, such as cacti, stomata are
a. open during the night and closed during the day.
b. nearly always open.
c. closed only when guard cells are not exposed to sunlight.
d. almost never open.
e. open during the day and closed during the night.
18. Which of the following statements about essential elements is FALSE?
a. An element with only one role in plant metabolism may still be essential.
b. An essential element is necessary for normal growth and reproduction.
c. Plant seeds in some cases contain enough of an essential element to sustain the adult plant.
d. An essential element may occasionally be functionally replaced by another element.
e. Some essential elements are required in only trace amounts.
19. The process of adding hydrogen to N2, creating NH3 and eventually NH4+, is called
a. nitrification.
b. ammonification.
c. nitrogen cycling.
d. nitrogen fixation.
e. nitrogen assimilation.
20. Farmers often grow legumes such as soybeans every few years and plow much of the plant parts into the soil. This practice serves mainly to
replenish the soil with useful forms of
a. carbon.
b. nitrogen.
c. phosphorus.
d. oxygen.
e. manganese.
21. Mycorrhizae, present for most plant species, generally help roots with the uptake of
a. water.
b. nitrogen.
c. phosphate.
d. all of these
22. Which of the following is a form of asexual reproduction?
a. production of new plants at nodes along stolons in strawberries
b. humans growing trees from cuttings
c. production of new plants at nodes along underground rhizomes in Bermuda grass
d. buds from an underground stem of an onion
e. all of these
23. In flowering plants how many sperm cells are typically produced from each microspore mother cell?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 8
24. In flowering plants how many egg cells are typically produced from each megaspore mother cell?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 8
25. Unique to flowering plants, the making of an embryo-nourishing ____ is an outcome of double fertilization.
a. hypocotyl
b. endosperm
c. seed coat
d. cotyledon
e. epicotyl
26. Which of the following statements regarding the endosperm is false?
a. Its nutrients may be absorbed by the cotyledons in the seeds of eudicots.
b. It develops from a triploid cell.
c. Its nutrients are digested by enzymes in monocot seeds following hydration.
d. It develops from the fertilized egg.
e. It is rich in nutrients, which it provides to the embryo.
27. We know from the experiments of the past that plants bend toward light because
a. they need sunlight energy for photosynthesis.
b. the sun stimulates stem growth.
c. cell expansion is greater on the dark side of the stem.
d. auxin is inactive on the dark side of the stem.
e. phytochrome stimulates florigen production.
28. Which of the following is not presently considered a major mechanism whereby hormones control plant development?
a. affecting cell respiration via regulation of the citric acid cycle
b. affecting cell division via the cell cycle
c. affecting cell elongation through acid growth
d. affecting cell differentiation through altered gene activity
e. mediating short-term physiological responses to environmental stimuli
29. According to modern ideas about phototropism in plants,
a. light causes auxin to accumulate on the shaded side of a plant stem.
b. auxin stimulates elongation of plant stem cells.
c. auxin is produced by the tip of the coleoptile and moves downward.
d. A and B only
e. A, B and C
30. The ripening of fruit and the dropping of leaves and fruit are principally controlled by
a. auxins
b. cytokinins
c. indole acetic acid
d. ethylene
e. carbon dioxide concentration (in air)
31. Why might animal hormones function differently from plant hormones?
a. Animals move rapidly away from negative stimuli, and most plants don't.
b. Plant cells have a cell wall that blocks passage of many hormones.
c. Plants must have more precise timing of their reproductive activities.
d. Plants are much more variable in their morphology and development than animals.
e. Both A and D are correct.
32. We tend to think of plants as immobile when, in fact, they can move in many ways. All of the following are movements plants can accomplish
except
a. growth movements up or down in response to gravity.
b. folding and unfolding of leaves using muscle-like tissues.
c. growth movements toward or away from light.
d. changes in plant growth form in response to wind or touch.
e. rapid responses using action potentials similar to those found in the nervous tissue of animals.
33. Most scientists agree that global warming is underway; thus it is important to know how plants respond to heat stress. Which of the following
is an immediate short-term response of plants to heat stress?
a. the production of heat-shock carbohydrates unique to each plant
b. the production of heat-shock proteins like those of other organisms
c. the opening of stomata to increase evaporational heat loss
d. their evolution into more xerophytic plants
e. all of the above
34. In general, which of the following is not a plant response to herbivores?
a. domestication, so that humans can protect the plant
b. attracting predatory animals, such as parasitoid wasps
c. chemical defenses, such as toxic compounds
d. physical defenses, such as thorns
e. production of volatile molecules
35. The male gametophyte in flowering plants forms in a
a. corolla.
b. receptacle.
c. stamen.
d. calyx.
e. carpel.
Answers
1. A
2. D
3. B
4. C
5. E
6. A
7. A
8. D
9. E
10. E
11. B
12. B
13. E
14. E
15. B
16. E
17. A
18. D
19. D
20. B
21. D
22. E
23. E
24. A
25. B
26. D
27. C
28. A
29. E
30. D
31. E
32. B
33. B
34. A
35. C