Download Lesson Review Sheet for Three Democracies Mid Term Exam

Lesson Review Sheet for Three Democracies Mid Term Exam January 2016
Lesson I
What are the Arguments for and against the three types of government: (Monarchy, Oligarchy,
Democracy)
Who won the battle of Marathon and why?
What is the Spirit of the East? Why is Monarchy so prevalent and why is Democracy so rare?
Lesson II
What are some of the laws of Sparta and what was their purpose?
What are some of the differences between Athens and Sparta?
In what ways was Athens conservative and in what ways was Sparta conservative?
What happened at the Battle of Thermopylae? What is the lesson of this battle?
Lesson III
How and why did Themistocles trick the Athenians into leaving their city?
Where do the Athenians believe that the city exists and why?
Who was Aristides and how did he get his name?
What was the Delian League and what did Themistocles want to do the gain power for Athens? What was
Aristides’ response?
What innovations did Themistocles bring to Athens?
Lesson IV
Who is Draco and what are his four reforms?
What is isonomia?
Which is more democratic, choosing leader by voting or by lot? Why?
What is the “heart” of the Athenian government?
Lesson V
What is the curse of the House of Atreus?
How does the Old view of Justice differ from the new view of Justice?
Why are both respect and fear needed in a democracy?
What do the Furies and what does Athena symbolize in the play?
In what ways does Democracy reverse the basic laws that have existed for centuries in Athens?
What form of Justice is best for a democracy?
What is the message of this play?
Lesson VI
1) What personal qualities did Pericles possess that made him a good leader?
2) What specific actions did he undertake to win the support of the demos?
3) How did Athens change as a result of Pericles rule as general from 461-424 BC?
4) Name as many P’s of Pericles as you can
Lesson VII: The Argument of the Athenian Ambassador
How did the Peloponnesian war begin and why?
What were the main points in the Athenian Ambassador’s argument as to why the Spartans should not
go to war against them?
How do they justify their invasion of Potidaea?
How to they redefine Justice?
Lesson VIII
1) What personal qualities did Pericles possess that made him a good leader?
2) What specific actions did he undertake to win the support of the demos? (See Lesson VI)
3) How did Athens change as a result of Pericles rule as general from 461-424 BC?
4) What are the strengths and weaknesses of both Athens and Sparta at the beginning of the war?
5) What was Pericles’ strategy for winning the war against Sparta?
6) What did Sparta do to gain a new advantage in the war against Athens?
7) What happened to Athens as a result of the Plague? What were the physical, emotional? psychological,
and social effects of this disease on Athens?
*8) What were Pericles public agenda and private agenda in the Funeral Oration speech, and how is this
similar to that of Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address?
Lesson IX
1) What arguments does Cleon make to support killing the Mityleneans?
2) How does Cleon redefine justice?
3) What arguments does Diodotus make to save the lives of the Mityleneans?
4) How does Diodotus define justice?
5) What is Cleon’s public agenda? What is his private agenda?
6) What is Diodotus’ public agenda? What is his private agenda?
Lesson X
1) How are the words of Thucydides “timeless and timely”? How are they relevant in our own lives
today, in Athens, in our democracy and in the world? Be familiar with the significant quotations in this
lesson.
2) What was the “unthinkable”- how got the Spartans to surrender and why?
3) How did Cleon increase his power in Athens as a result of the Athenian victory at Pylos?
Lesson XI
1) What is the purpose of political satire in a democracy?
2) How does Aristophanes use satire to deliver political commentary on Athens and her leaders?
3) What commentary is Aristophanes making about:
- Cleon
- The Demos of Athens
- The fact that the Peloponnesian War is continuing?
4) What is the message of The Knights?
Lesson XII
1) What personal qualities does Alcibiades possess? How and why does he become so powerful in
Athens?
2) What did Aristophanes mean when he said, "...it is best not to let a lion be born in your city, but if a lion
is born [in your city], you had better treat him as a lion."?
Lesson XIII
1) What are the main arguments that the Athenians present to the Melians as to why they should
surrender to them?
2) How is the Athenian concept of Justice changing and why? How do the Athenians define it in this
dialogue?
Be familiar with the significant quotations in this lesson:
--“ Let’s get down to the basic principle which is simply this- that justice in this world exists only between
equals.”
--“So, let’s face facts and leave right and wrong and justice out of the conversation.”
-- “If you abandon justice and if your empire falls apart, the whole world will take revenge on you and you
will be an example for everyone to remember.”
--“The contest isn’t an equal one. It is not a contest with honor as first prize and shame as the penalty. It is a
question of life and death.”
-- “Of the Gods we believe and of men we know that by a necessary law of nature they rule when they can.”
--“Self interest is connected with a cautious security- while justice and honor always bring danger- and
danger is something that the Spartans do not like to get into.”
--“ It is not obvious that those who do not yield to their equals who give in to their superiors and are
moderate toward their inferiors, succeed best in life?”