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• 11/12 Focus – Athens is a Greek city state that emphasized education. They also are known for starting democracy. • Do Now – Identify the type of government found in Sparta. – What form of government do we have in the United States? Ancient Greece Location • Southeast Greece • Peninsula of Attica • • Government • Athens was the first direct democracy in history • Direct Democracy – rule by the people – Citizens vote directly on an issue Government • laws were proposed by the Council of 500 • Laws voted on by the citizen’s assembly – Made up of eligible voters • Adult males born in Athens Pnyx (from the Greek word meaning "tightly packed together") was the meeting place of the Athenian democratic assembly (Ekklesia) Government • Every adult male born in Athens became a citizen and would have a chance to be a member of the assembly. • Expectations of citizens – Vote in elections – Serve in office if elected – Serve on juries – Serve in military during war Education • High value placed on education • The purpose of education was to produce citizens trained in the arts, to prepare citizens for both peace and war. • Boys from 6 to 14 went to schools • Girls were not educated at school – learned to read and write at home. Education • Books were very expensive and rare – subjects were read out-loud – Students had to memorize everything. • Women • Athenians believed women were inferior to men. – could not own property – had to help in the fields and were confined to their homes. – were to be under the protection of a male guardian at all times. Social Classes • Athens was made up of two classes – slaves – citizens Athenian Achievements • Focused on the individual rather than society – Wanted Athenians to question things and use philosophy • Strong Navy • Trade – wanted to make money and expand • Travel-wanted people to experience other cultures Closure • What is Direct Democracy? • What value did the Athenians place on education? • How did Athenians view women?