Download The Early Greeks

Name
Date
Class
GUIDED READING ACTIVITY 7-1
The Early Greeks
Directions: Reading for Accuracy Reading the section and completing
the activity below will help you learn more about the early Greeks. Use
your textbook to decide if a statement is true or false. Write T or F in the
blank, and if a statement is false, rewrite it correctly on the line.
1. The mainland of Greece is a peninsula, a body of land with
water on three sides.
2. The island of Crete lies northwest of Greece and was the
home of the Minoan civilization.
3. The Minoans made their wealth from fishing.
4. The Mycenaeans invaded Greece around 1900 B.C., and their
leaders became the first Greek kings.
5. The Minoans’ most famous victory is probably the Trojan War.
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
6. From 1100–750 B.C., the Greeks went through a difficult period
of time called the Dark Age.
7. During the Dark Age, thousands of Greeks left the mainland
and settled on islands in the Mediterranean Sea.
8. Nobles overthrew the Greek kings and created city-states.
9. Each Greek city-state was run by a king.
10. Greek citizens had the right to vote, hold office, own property,
and defend themselves in court.
1
Name
Date
Class
GUIDED READING ACTIVITY 7-2
Sparta and Athens
Directions: Outlining Reading the section and completing the outline
below will help you learn more about Sparta and Athens. Refer to your
textbook to fill in the blanks.
overthrew the nobles with the support of the common people.
I.
II. By 500 B.C., most city-states became either
A. In an oligarchy, a(n)
or
.
have power.
B. In a democracy, all
share in the government.
was an oligarchy that focused on military training.
III.
A. Spartans were afraid that the
might rebel, so they trained for
war.
1. Spartan boys started training at age
.
2. Spartan girls were trained in
so that they would become
healthy mothers.
B. Sparta’s
was an oligarchy.
1. Two
headed a council of
a. The council included
.
citizens over age
b. The council presented laws to a(n)
.
.
a. They
.
on the council’s laws.
b. They chose
to enforce laws and collect taxes.
IV. Athens was originally an oligarchy but became a(n)
A. A noble named
.
canceled all the farmers’
and freed slaves.
won the support of the poor by giving them land and loaning
B.
them money.
C.
is credited with making Athens a democracy.
1. He reorganized the
2. He created a council of
2
to play the central role in governing.
citizens to carry out daily business.
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
2. The assembly was made up of all Spartan men over age
Name
Date
Class
GUIDED READING ACTIVITY 7-3
Persia Attacks the Greeks
Directions: Answering Questions Reading the section and completing
the questions below will help you learn about the Persian Empire. Refer
to your textbook to answer the questions.
1. What country today contains the land that was called Persia?
2. Which ruler united the Persians into a powerful kingdom?
3. How did Cyrus treat his subjects?
4. What countries were conquered by leaders under Cyrus?
5. How did Darius improve the Persian government?
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
6. What was the Persian religion called?
7. Why were the Greeks able to defeat the Persians on the plain of
Marathon?
8. When Xerxes invaded Greece, what two city-states joined forces?
9. How did the Battle of Thermopylae help Athens, even though the
Greeks lost?
10. Why was the Battle of Plataea a turning point for the Greeks?
3
Name
Date
Class
GUIDED READING ACTIVITY 7-4
The Age of Pericles
Directions: Reading for Accuracy Reading the section and completing
the activity below will help you learn more about Athens during the Age
of Pericles. Use your textbook to decide if a statement is true or false.
Write T or F in the blank, and if a statement is false, rewrite it correctly
on the line.
1. Athens formed the Delian League with other city-states,
including Sparta.
2. The Delian League freed almost all of the Greek cities under
Persian control.
3. Athens was a representative democracy.
4. In a direct democracy, citizens choose a smaller group to
make laws.
5. Pericles allowed only upper-class male citizens to run for
public office.
7. Slavery was common in Athens, the city of democracy.
8. Athens had so much farmland that it was able to export grain
to other places.
9. The conflict between Athens and Sparta was called the
Peloponnesian War.
10. To win the Peloponnesian War, the Athenians made a deal
with the Persians.
4
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
6. In the 400s B.C., more people lived in Sparta than in any other
city-state.
Name
Date
Class
CONTENT VOCABULARY ACTIVITY 7
The Ancient Greeks
Directions: Select one of the following terms to answer each of the
questions below.
agora
colony
democracy
direct democracy
helot
peninsula
philosopher
polis
oligarchy
representative democracy
satrap
satrapies
tyrant
Zoroastrianism
1. What is the term for someone who takes power by force and
rules with total authority?
2. What is an open space used for both market and meeting
places called?
3. What is someone who ponders questions about life called?
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
4. What is a type of government in which only a few people
hold power?
5. What is the term for the leader of one of the Persian Empire’s
states?
6. What is a body of land surrounded on three sides by water
called?
7. What is a type of government in which citizens choose a
smaller group to make laws and set policies on their behalf?
8. What was a captive worker enslaved by Sparta called?
5
Name
Date
CONTENT VOCABULARY ACTIVITY 7
Class
(continued)
The Ancient Greeks
9. What was the religion of the Persian Empire?
10. What is the term used for a Greek city-state?
11. What is a general name for a government in which citizens
share in running the government?
12. What were the states of the Persian Empire called?
13. What is the term for a settlement in a new territory that keeps
close ties to its homeland?
14. What is a type of government in which every citizen voted
first-hand on laws and policies?
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
6
Name
Date
Class
ACADEMIC VOCABULARY ACTIVITY 7
The Ancient Greeks
Academic Words in this Chapter
region
enforce
behalf
culture
participate
economy
overseas
vision
framework
community
internal
A. Word Meaning Activity: Identifying Synonyms and Antonyms
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Directions: Determine whether the following pairs of words or phrases
are synonyms or antonyms. (Synonyms are words that have similar
meanings, and antonyms are words with opposite meanings.) Place an
“S” in the blank if the words are synonyms and an “A” if they are
antonyms.
1.
region—area
2.
culture—way of life
3.
overseas—domestic
4.
community—individual
5.
enforce—relax
6.
participate—take part
7.
vision—image
8.
internal—external
B. Word Usage Activity: Using Academic Terms
Directions: Use the academic terms at the top of this page to replace
the underlined common words in the lines below.
1. A constitution formed the main part of Athens’s government.
2. Athens had a large fleet of ships, which allowed trade to occur
with faraway colonies and other city-states.
7
Name
Date
Class
ACADEMIC VOCABULARY ACTIVITY 7
(continued)
The Ancient Greeks
3. People in the United States elect representatives to make
government decisions in their interest.
4. Inside problems made the Persian Empire weak.
5. The Mycenaeans copied much of the Minoans’ ideas and other
stuff.
6. Solon allowed all male citizens to join in the assembly and law
courts.
7. Wine and olive oil were an important part of the Athenian way
of making money.
8. Zoroaster began preaching after he had something appear
before him.
9. Each Greek city-state had citizens who were part of a political
group.
Greece.
11. In Sparta, ephors were the people who made sure that the laws were
followed.
8
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
10. The Minoans were the first people to settle in the land that became