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MEDIEVAL MUSIC: Medieval music means music from the Middle Ages. The time we call the Middle Ages is a long period from about 400 AD to 1400 AD. In the middle ages, the Church dominated music. But around the 13th century, the earliest major repertory of Western secular (non-religious) music, which has come down to us, is that of the troubadors and trouveres. French poet-musicians of the Middle Ages who set their own poems to music. Most of the music was about love. +Composer: One such composer was Guillaume de Machaut (c. 13001377), who was not only a musician of great renown but also a poet whose stature approached that of Chaucer. +Sources: http://www.classicfm.com/discover/periods/renaissance/ http://www.columbia.edu/itc/music/ito/history/ RENAISSANCE MUSIC: During the Renaissance, the relaxation of the Church’s political control over society meant that composers were allowed greater freedom to be influenced by art, classical mythology and even astronomy and mathematics. Music could be published and distributed for the first time. Most music written during this period is intended to be sung, either as large choral pieces in church or as songs or madrigals. But non-vocal music flourished too, as technology enabled musical instruments to be more expressive and agile. Pieces could now be written specifically for instruments such as the sackbut and lute. +Composer: Giovanni Gabrielli He was an Italian organist and composer. He is one of the most influential composers during the renaissance time. He composed a lot of instrumental music as well as vocal music. +Sources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroque_music BAROQUE MUSIC: 1600–1760 The word "baroque" comes from the Portuguese word barroco, meaning misshapen pearl,[2] a negative description of the ornate and heavily ornamented music of this period During the period, composers and performers used more elaborate musical ornamentation, made changes in musical notation, and developed new instrumental playing techniques. Baroque music expanded the size, range, and complexity of instrumental performance, and also established opera, cantata, oratorio, concerto, and sonata as musical genres. +Composer: The composer and violinist Arcangelo Corelli (1653-1713), whose style of playing became the basis for the violin technique of the 18th and 19th centuries +Sources: www.baroquemusic.org/barcomp.html CLASSICAL MUSIC: 1730–1820 Compose of energetic and orchestral color in a thematic way, the use of rhythm, including periodic structure and harmonic rhythm, to give definition to large-scale forms, along with the use of modulation to build longer spans of tension and release (most of the music is cast in sonata form or closely related forms), and the witty, typically Austrian mixture of comic and serious strains. +Composer: Johannes Chrystostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart (1756–1791) Mozart's music embraces opera, symphony, concerto, chamber, choral, instrumental and vocal music, revealing an astonishing number of imperishable masterpieces which contributes to the period a lot. Read more at +Sources:http://www.classicfm.com/composers/mozart/#XF0ddwIdAuRuQ 1hc.99 https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20120309102229AADqRk C ROMANTIC MUSIC: 1780–1910 During the Romantic period, composers used music to express themselves; it became more emotional and subjective. Composers were inspired by romantic love, the supernatural and even dark themes such as death. Tone color became richer; harmony became more intricate. Dynamics, pitch and tempo had wider ranges and the use of rubato became popular. The orchestra was also expanded. However, the piano underwent many changes and composers brought the piano to new heights of creative expression. +Composer: Richard Wagner 22 May 1813 – 13 February 1883 Initially establishing his reputation as a composer of works such as The Flying Dutchman and Tannhäuser which were in the romantic traditions of Weber and Meyerbeer. +Source: http://www.talkclassical.com/blogs/peeyaj/146-greatestcomposers-romantic-era.html Modern Music (1890-1975) In music, modernism is a philosophical and aesthetic stance underlying the period of change and development in musical language that occurred around the turn of the 20th century, a period of diverse reactions in challenging and reinterpreting older categories of music, innovations that lead to new ways of organizing and approaching harmonic, melodic, sonic, and rhythmic aspects of music, and changes in aesthetic worldviews in close relation to the larger identifiable period of modernism in the arts of the time. +Source: http://www.slideshare.net/jpholly/the-modern-period-ofwestern-musical-history 20th Century: Twentieth-century music has seen a great coming and going of various movements, among them post-romanticism, serialism and neo-classicism in the earlier years of the century. Composer: Claude Debussy because he was so famous for his work that was related to impressionist music which was in the 20th century. +Sources: http://www.ipl.org/div/mushist/twen/ Contemporary Classic Music (1975-Present): Contemporary Classic Music is made out of modernist, postmodern, neoromantic, and pluralist music. +Composer: Pierre Boulez because of his piece “Notations”. +Sources: http://one-europe.info/contemporary-music-and-some-famouseuropean-composers 21st Century Music: 21st Century Music is a diverse art form. It is a combination of previous century elements. There are various music genres such as pop, jazz, rock and others. +Composer: Taylor Swift Because her songs contributed a lot to the 21st century music style such as Blank Space. It contains a lot of music elements. +Source: http://www.last.fm/tag/21st%20century%20classical/wiki