Download SS21 and SS28W Reformation/Renaissance TEST

SS22 Reformation/Renaissance STUDY GUIDE
*A government that is controlled by religious leaders is a theocracy.
*A theory that God has known since the beginning of time who will be
saved is called predestination.
*Although Luther did not initially want to create a different church, only to
reform it, he and his followers eventually became a separate religious
group from the Catholic Church known as Protestants.
*An indulgence, otherwise known as a pardon, released a sinner from the
penalty that a priest imposed for sins.
*Ancient Rome was a historical time period of Caesar Augustus and the
Pax Romana.
*Christine De Pizan was one of the first women writers to speak out against
the different treatment of boys and girls in education.
*During the Renaissance, patrons supported the arts through time and
money.
*Gutenberg was a craftsman from Germany who created a moveable
type printing press.
*Henry VIII asked the pope to annul his marriage to Catherine Howard.
*John Calvin was the church reformer who took Luther’s ideas further by
stating that God has known since the beginning of time who will be
saved.
*Luther was declared a heretic, or a person who holds beliefs that differ
from official Church teachings.
*Luther’s 95 Theses began the Reformation, a movement for religious
change.
*Niccolo Machiavelli stated it is better to be feared than loved.
SS22 Reformation/Renaissance STUDY GUIDE
*Pope Julius II was known for being a warrior/general type of pope. He
was still a patron of the arts. He was the one who hired Michelangelo to
paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
*Protestants are Christians who are members of non-Catholic churches.
*Renaissance men and women were expected to be educated in the
classics. For them this meant Greek or Roman ideas.
*Renaissance Men were men who mastered many fields of endeavor.
*Shakespeare was the most famous Elizabethan writer. He wrote with a
deep understanding of human beings, their emotions, their triumphs, and
their failures.
*Some Renaissance writers wrote in the vernacular, (aka their native
language.)
*The Anglican Church was created by Parliament and Elizabeth I to return
England to Protestantism.
*The general emphasis of the Renaissance on individual potential
(creation vs. creator) was called humanism.
*The Last Supper is a famous painting of Jesus at table with his disciples. It
was painted by Leonardo da Vinci.
*The Middle Ages was the historical time period where so many died of
the Bubonic Plague, a disease whose symptoms were swelling and black
spots.
*The Pieta is a famous statue of Mary holding the body of Jesus after he
had been taken down off the cross. It was carved by Michelangelo.
*The Renaissance started in Italy and lasted 300 years, bringing a growth
of creativity in art, writing, and thought.
SS22 Reformation/Renaissance STUDY GUIDE
*The Renaissance was a historical time period with a revival of arts and
classical teachings. (Or was it…according to John Green…no!)
*The School of Athens is a famous painting of Grecian philosophers
probably at Plato’s Academy. It was painted by Raphael Sanzio.
*The technique of perspective was used by Renaissance painters to show
three dimensions on a flat surface.
*Utopia was a book written by Thomas More whose title means “no place”
in Greek, and has come to mean “ideal place” in English.
*The best synonym for “secular” is worldly.
*To become an important Renaissance patron, one most needed to be
wealthy.
*Renaissance painters in Italy and Flanders tended to produce work that
was realistic.
*The first use of a printing press was in China, but was perfected with the
moveable type press by Johannes Gutenberg in Germany.
*Ancient Greece was a historical time period with an Athenian
Democracy run by Pericles.
*Elizabeth was the last of Henry VIII’s children to rule England.
*The Medici family of Florence is famous for being bankers, city rulers, and
patrons of the arts.
*The Protestant Reformation caused another movement within the
Catholic Church called the Catholic Reformation. Sometimes it is called
the Counter Reformation and its goal was to help Catholics remain loyal.
The effect was the creation of schools and larger community influence.