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Transcript
Environmental Science Name __________________________________ Period __________ Date ________________ Chapter 10, Biodiversity–Reading Guide Section 1 pgs. 259- 262 1. Which part of the planet has an extraordinary variety of species? _______________________ 2. How many species are known to science? __________________________________ 3. Naming describe the three levels of biodiversity. _1.__________________________________ 2.____________________________________________________________________________ 3.____________________________________________________________________________ 4. Why is the sea otter considered a keystone species? __________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 5. Why are small and isolated populations less likely to survive the change in their ecosystem? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 6. What kind of organism are almost all antibiotics derived from? _________________________ 7. What is the origin of Turbocurarine and what is its use? ______________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 9. Name three foods that came from North America, Central America, and South America. _____________________________________________________________________________ 10. Give an example of why humans shouldn't depend on just a few varieties of food. ________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 11. Why is ecotourism important to some regions of the world? _________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Section 2 pgs. 263-269 12. What is mass extinction? ______________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 13. The percentage of species are expected to be extinct by 2100? _______________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 14. What is considered the cause of the present extinctions? _____________________________ 1 15. What are three reasons species that are especially at risk may become extinct? ___________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 16. Compare and contrast an endangered species and a threatened species. _________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 17. What are three major causes of extinctions today? __________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 18. What is considered to be the major cause of extinctions today? ________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 19. How do exotic species threatened native species? ___________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 20. What is an example of a species that was hunted to extinction? _______________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 21. What was the substance nearly caused the extinction of bald eagles in the United States? ______________________________________________________________________________ 22. Which type of organisms do ecologists use as indicators of biodiversity in an area? ______________________________________________________________________________ 23. What percentage of the world species live in tropical rain forests? ____________________ 24. What human activities are threatening coral reefs? __________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 25. What is a biodiversity hotspot and where are they located? ___________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 26. Name three unique ecosystems found in the United States. __________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 27. What are two threats to the California Floristic Province? ____________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Section 3 pgs. 270-275 28. What is a captive breeding program? ____________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 2 29. Why do germ plasm banks store germ plasm? __________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 30. Why are zoos, wildlife parks, aquarium, and botanical Gardens considered living museums? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 31. What are some disadvantages of captive breeding programs? ________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 32. Why is preserving small plots of land for endangered species not an effective way of protecting them? ______________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 33. What is the advantage of protecting entire ecosystems? _____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 34. What is the purpose of the Endangered Species Act? _______________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 35. By 2002 how many plant and animal species were listed as endangered? _______________ 36. What do Endangered Species Act recovery plans often include? ______________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 37. A conservation plan that allows trade-offs between harm to the species and additional conservation commitments is called a _______________________________________________ 38. The IECN publishes red lists. What is a red lists? __________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 39. The CITES treaty of 1989 was enacted for what purpose? ____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 40. What is the Biodiversity Treaty? _______________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 41. Name three private conservation organizations. ____________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 42. Why does species protection often come in conflict with human needs? _________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 3
