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Note Taking Study-Guide
Chapter 13 Section 1
I.
II.
III.
What was the Renaissance?
A. A changing worldview
1. Era of rebirth of knowledge
2. Reawakened interests in the classical learning of Greece and Rome
B. A spirit of adventure
1. Explore new worlds and reexamined old ones
2. Navigators, Scientists, Writers, and Artists shared this spirit of adventure
C. Expressing Humanism
1. Humanism was the heart of the Renaissance
2. Humanist believed that education should stimulate the creative nature of
individuals
Italy: Cradle of the Renaissance
A. Italy’s History and Geography
1. Italy had been the center of the Roman Empire and people could study their art and
architecture.
2. Italy’s location on the Mediterranean Sea also encouraged trade with the Muslim
world.
3. Trade routes carried new ideas that were important in shaping the Renaissance.
B. Italy’s Vibrant City States
1. Italy was divided into many small city-states
2. The Medici Family, from Florence, were amongst the richest merchants and bankers
during the Renaissance.
Renaissance Art Flowers
A. Reflecting Humanist Thought
1. Renaissance art reflected the ideas of humanism.
2. Renaissance artists studied ancient Greek and Roman works and revived many
classical forms.
B. Using New Artistic Techniques
1. Renaissance painters returned to the realism of classical times by developing new
techniques for representing both humans and landscapes.
2. The rules of perspective allowed Renaissance artists to create realistic art (3-D).
Renaissance painters also used shading to make objects look round and real and
new oil paints to reflect light.
C. Architecture: A “Social Art”
1. A “Social Art” meant to blend beauty with utility and improvement of society.
2. Architects adopted the columns, arches, and domes that had been favored by the
Greeks and Romans.
D. Leonardo da Vinci
1. 1452-1519- endless curiosity that fed a genius for invention.
IV.
2. Talents included painting, botany, anatomy, optics, music, architecture, and
engineering.
E. Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564).
1. Many talents-sculptor, engineer, painter, architect, and poet.
2. Many art and architecture achievements: David, The Pieta, the Ceiling of the Sistine
Chapel in Rome
F. Raphael (1483-1520)
1. Artistic talent and “his sweet and gracious nature.”
2. Own style that blended Christian and classical styles-The School of Athens
Writing for a New Society
A. Castiglione’s Ideal Courtier
1. The Book the Courtier describes the manners, skills, learning, and virtues that a
member of the court should have.
2. Ideal differed for men and women. A man should be athletic but not overactive. He
should play an instrument and know literature and history. A woman should be
graceful and kind, lively but reserved.
B. Machiavelli’s Successful Prince
1. Wrote a guide for rulers on how to gain and keep power in his book The Prince.
2. A ruler should do whatever he has to do to achieve what he wants.