Download The Crusades - Mr. Ayala`s History Classes

A Mr. Ayala Presentation
• I) The World in 1050
• A) Europe emerges from isolation
• B) The Muslim civilizations enter their
Golden Age
• C) The Byzantine Empire in Eastern
Europe is invaded by the Seljuk’s who
also claimed the Holy Land
• II) Crusades
• A) Byzantine Emperor, Alexius I, asks Pope Urban II, to help fight against
the Muslim Turks in the Holy Land; Urban agrees
• B) Council of Clermont 1095; Urban II asks for a Crusade against the
Infidels in the Holy Land
• 1) Many Christians wanted to fight; for money, land, fame, religious
zeal, and to escape problems at home
• C) First Crusade, European Christians
capture Jerusalem
• 1) Battle ends with a massacre of
Muslims and Jews
• D) Went off and on for over 200 years
• E) Land was divided into Four Crusader
States
• 1) Knights Templar etc. are used to
keep the peace.
• 2) Later will be destroyed because of
their wealth by other European
Christians
• F) The Muslims under Saladin, wanted their land back
• 1) 1187; Muslims take back Jerusalem
• 2) 3rd Crusades; Christians try to take it back, fail
• G) Fourth Crusade Christians begin to fight amongst
themselves for trade routes
• H) 1291; The Crusaders state are destroyed by the
Muslims
• 1) A massacre of Christians ensue
• III) Impact of the Crusades
• A) Left a legacy of religious hatred between the Judeo-Christian religions
• 1) Christians and Muslims both commit atrocities in the name of their
religion
• B) European economies expand because of demand for new spices,
perfumes, and cloths
• 1) Venice and other Northern Italian City-States build huge merchant
fleets
• 2) Use of gold and a money economy increases (ease of trade)
• C) Monarchs gain more power through taxation
• D) The Roman Church gains temporary powers but conflicts with the
Eastern Orthodox Church continue
• E) Europeans Realize that the world is much larger than thought. Increases
curiosity.
• IV) Reconquista
• A) 700’s; Muslim Moors controlled much of Present Day Spain
• B) 1085; Christians capture Toledo
• C) 1140: Christian Portugal is established
• D) 1300; Christians Control most of the Iberian
Peninsula except for Granada
• E) 1469; Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of
Castile marry. They begin to fight the Moors.
• F) 1492: Granada Falls; Reconquista
Completed
• G) Isabella Expels all non-Christians
• 1) She ends the Religious tolerance that was under the Muslim Moors
• 2) Starts the Spanish Inquisition
• a) Jews and Muslims are forced to convert; if not tortured and killed
• b) 150,000 Non-Christians flee from Spain