* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download BIOLOGY 9-4 Aim: What shapes an ecosystem?
Survey
Document related concepts
Toxicodynamics wikipedia , lookup
Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project wikipedia , lookup
Pleistocene Park wikipedia , lookup
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle wikipedia , lookup
Habitat conservation wikipedia , lookup
Ecological fitting wikipedia , lookup
Ecogovernmentality wikipedia , lookup
Restoration ecology wikipedia , lookup
Ecological succession wikipedia , lookup
Ecological resilience wikipedia , lookup
Ecosystem services wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
BIOLOGY Aim: What shapes an ecosystem? 9-4 (A) CLIMATE Weather is the day to day condition of the Earth’s atmosphere at a certain time and place Climate is the average yearly, condition of temperature and precipitation in a region. What decides climate? o Carbon dioxide and atmospheric gases trap heat energy and maintain the Earth’s temperature. This trapping of the gases is known as the greenhouse effect. o Latitude: determines the climate. There are three main climate zones: Polar, Temperate, and Tropical (B) ECOSYSTEMS Ecosystems are made up of biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving) things. Together, they determine the survival and growth of an organism and the productivity of the ecosystem. Habitat: where an organism lives Niche: the way an organism uses all the biotic and abiotic things in its habitat. Ex: what it eats, how it gets food…. (C) COMMUNITY INTERACTIONS The way communities interact with other organisms as well as the environment greatly affect ecosystems. o 1—COMPETITION: using the same resources—usually results in one organism dying out o 2—PREDATION: one organism captures and eats another o 3—SYMBIOSIS: two species live close together in one of three ways: Mutualism: both organisms benefit from the relationship In the picture above, the fish is cleaning the mouth of the eel getting food. The eel is benefiting in that its mouth is being cleaned of potential dangers. Commensalism: one organism benefits while the other is not affected. The clownfish benefits in that it is protected from other fish and the anemone is not affected. Parasitism: one organism benefits while the other is harmed. The tick is benefiting in that it is getting food, but the host is being harmed in that it will become Sick. (D) Changing Communities Different populations that live together affect one another An ecosystem that remains unchanging is said to be a stable ecosystem After a profound change in an ecosystem (for example: forest fire) ecological succession occurs. Ecological succession: slow changes that occur in an area until a stable community is reached Succession may also occur when an entirely new environment appears BASICALLY, FROM NOTHING COMES SOMETHING.