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Ministry of Urban Development Government of India Governing Urban Futures in South Asia: Challenges and Opportunities Banashree Banerjee Regional Policy Dialogue on Sustainable Urbanization in South Asia: Greening the Infrastructure Gap New Delhi, 17-18 December, 2014 South Asian cities are transforming GROWING DECAYING SHRINKING RISING SPRAWLING AGGLOmeRATING FORMING R-I-B-B-O-N-S ? BECOMING ENGINES of GROWTH Celebrate the difference! But …… Are they inclusive? Is the quality of life improving? 1. How to increase the policy visibility of the SA Urban Constellation 2. How to change the Continued Legacy of Spatial and Institutional Fragmentation into Multi-level Governance Delhi: Divided city 1 3 4 5 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. MCD North MCD South MCD East NDMC Cantt. Board ‘Urban’ Institutions Delhi Local Govt. State Govt. Central Govt. Para statal MCD 3 Urban development DDA DUAC Delhi Jal Board NDMC Land and Building Land and Development Office. Delhi Metro Rail Corpn. Cantt. Board Transport Surface Transport Deli Transport Corporation Industry Industry DSIIDC Revenue (Disaster manage, Rural Dev.) NDMA BRPL Health, Education, PWD, Environment etc. NCR Planning Board BYPL Delhi Fire Service Delhi Police MTNL Delhi Pollution Committee Central Pollution Control Board &EPCA Institutional Linkages Delhi 3. How to work with multiple stakeholders to deliver outcomes middle and upper class citizens, the poor, trade organizations, educational institutions, government departments, NGOs and the private sector. 4. How to replace growth by mega projects into planned cities Gated townships And…….. SMART CITIES? 5. How to ensure productivity without compromising safety, health and sustainability SA cities: factories of the world Rana Plaza, Savar, Dhaka Lalita Park, Delhi Bangladesh: • 3.5 million workers in 4,825 garment factories produce goods for export to the global market. • The Bangladeshi garment industry generates 80% of the country’s total export revenue. • The wealth generated by this sector has led to few improvements in the lives of garment workers, 85% of whom are women. Delhi: Shahpur Jat Sweatshops of global garment chains Thriving in stealth and immunity from regulations 2 out of 5 workers are children Recycling e-waste in Samaypur, Delhi High incidence of respiratory and skin diseases among workers Toxic waste let out into open drains. (Toxics Link, 2014) 6. How to find a meeting place between formal and informal 3 Inter-related P’s of Ludhiana Prosperity Pollution Poverty & Informality 7. How to better integrate urban - peri-urban - rural The Peri-urban: No one’s responsible, everyone’s welcome Lahore Kathmandu New Delhi Colombo attracts 500,000 commuters on any working day. Kandy has 150,000 daily commuters but a local population of 124,000 Dhaka population is 15 million at night 19 million at daytime Mumbai: 7.5 mill. commute daily by train from suburbs Dhaka: 50,000 women commute daily to garment factories from surrounding villages Climate change forcing thousands in Bangladesh into slums of Dhaka Climate change refugees struggle to survive in slums of Dhaka. The city faces a population explosion, with inadequate infrastructure. VIEW 5 PHOTOS TORONTO STAR / RAVEENA AULAKH Taslima Masud with daughter Karima and husband Mohammed live in Korail, Dhaka's largest slum, along with as many as 40,000 others. By: Raveena Aulakh Environment, Published on Sat Feb 16 2013 8. How to achieve low carbon urban development Delhi: Compact city: high rise vs low rise Kakrola Village Gross Residential Density: 400pph Som Vihar Unauthorised Colony Gross Residential Density: 400pph L Dwarka sub-city Gross Residential Density: 400pph Compacting whom and how Sahasapura resettlement: Colombo Mumbai: MUTP relocation in PPP mode 9. How to ensure equitable access to public space Privatised public space Amusement parks Golf courses 10. How to keep cities safe without barriers Punjab’s (Pakistan) real estate companies offer more affordable units in their gated compounds. llustration: jamal khurshid How to develop an Urban Governance agenda for SAARC