Download 2016-2017 micro virus to fungi

FROM VIRUS TO
FUNGI
INTERACTIONS
• Symbiosis- A close relationship in which one organism
benefits, but the other is not harmed. Ex. Bird builds a
nest in a tree.
• Mutualism- A relationship in which both species benefit.
Ex. Bee and flower
• Parasitism- A relationship in which one species benefits,
and the other is harmed. Ex. Protozoan spreading
malaria through mosquitoes.
VIRUS
• A virus is a tiny, non-living particle that enters and then
reproduces inside a living cell.
• Viruses can only multiply when they are inside a living
cell.
• The organism is a host, and the virus acts like a parasite,
by destroying the cells in which they multiply.
VIRUS SHAPES
• Viruses have many
different shapes
• A bacteriophage is
a virus that infects
bacteria.
STRUCTURE OF VIRUSES
• All viruses have two basic parts: a protein coat to
protect it and an inner core made of genetic material.
• Viruses are very tiny.
VIRUSES MULTIPLYING
• Once inside a cell, a virus’s genetic material takes over
many of the cells functions.
• It instructs the cell to produce the virus’s proteins and
genetic material.
• These proteins and genetic material then assemble into
new viruses.
BACTERIA
• Bacteria are prokaryotes. The genetic material in their
cells is not contained in a nucleus.
• Bacteria must have a source of food and a way of
breaking down the food to release its energy.
• The process of breaking down food to release its
energy is called respiration.
BACTERIA SHAPE
• 3 basic shapesspherical, rod like, or
spiral.
• Can be big to small
in size.
REPRODUCTION
• Asexual Reproduction- is a reproductive process that
involves only one parent and produces offspring that
are identical to the parent.
• Binary fission- bacteria uses this method in which a cell
divides to form two identical cells.
• Mitosis- DNA copies, the cells start to split and separate
into 2 daughter cells.
REPRODUCTION
• Sexual reproduction, performed by some bacteriainvolves two parents who combine their genetic
material to produce a new organism.
• Endospore- a small, rounded, thick-walled, resting cell
that forms inside a bacterial cell. This happens in
extreme conditions, which helps it to wait to reproduce.
PROTISTS
• Protists are eukaryotes that cannot be classified as
animals, plants, or fungi. They are unicellular.
• Animal-like protists are heterotrophs and are able to
move from place to place to obtain food.
PROTOZOAN
Amoebas use psuedopods, which are temporary budges
that help it gain food and to move. Amoebas engulf
their food.
Paramecium’s use cilia, hair-like projections from cells to
move.
PROTOZOAN
Flagellates are protists that use long, whip like, flagella to
move. It can be 1 or more flagella. Euglenas use a
flagellum.
Parasites feed on cells and body fluids of their hosts,
causing them harm.
PLANTLIKE PROTISTS
• Euglena and Volvox
• Euglena can be green if they have chloroplasts and
make their own food. Also have a red eyespot.
• Volvox are similar to the Euglena, except they live in
colonies.
VOLVOX
• A Volvox is a type of
green algae. It is
spherical, with a red
eyespot that allows
it to swim towards
the light. Volvox are
green, being made
of chloroplast that
allow them to make
food through
photosynthesis.
FUNGUS-LIKE PROTISTS
• A spore is a tiny cell that is able to grow into a new
organism.
• Like fungi, fungus like protists are heterotrophs, have
cell walls and use spores to reproduce.
• Example- molds
FUNGI
• Fungi are eukaryotes that have cell walls, are
heterotrophs that feed by absorbing their food, and
use spores to reproduce.
• Fungi usually reproduce by making spores. The
lightweight spores are surrounded by a protective
covering and can be carried easily through air or water
to new sites.
THE ROLE OF FUNGI
• Fungi play important roles as decomposers and
recyclers on Earth. Many fungi provide foods for
people. Some fungi cause disease while others fight
disease. Still other fungi live in symbiosis with other
organisms.