Download Climate Change & Ecosystems Handout

Climate Change & Ecosystems Handout
Students research interrelationships in ecosystems and predict the effects of climate change.
Water Atlas Curriculum Lesson 32
Student Activity Sheet: Climate Change and Ecosystems
The state Department of Natural Resources has asked your class to evaluate how climate change due
to an enhanced greenhouse effect might impact an ecosystem in your state. In a previous activity your
class identified the major components of the ecosystem you have chosen to study. Because the
organisms in the ecosystem function in a complex web of interdependencies, your class will need more
information to evaluate how climate change would affect the system has a whole.
Your task as a member of the climate impacts evaluation team is to describe in detail how the
projected climate changes could impact one species in the ecosystem. You will present your findings to
the class, and use this information and that of your teammates to construct “before” and “after”
pictures of the ecosystem, using both text and illustrations.
In your research, try to consider all of the ways in which climate could impact your species, both
directly and indirectly. The questions below will help you get started, but you may be able to identify
other important relationships between your species and climate. Be creative!
My species is ________________________________________________
Its place in the food web is (circle one):
Producer
Herbivore
Carnivore
Omnivore
Decomposer
Illustrate the function of this species in the ecosystem by sketching interrelationships with other
organisms:
Climate can affect a species directly, for example by constraining organisms to areas within their
temperature tolerances, or indirectly by affecting food supply, availability of shelter, or other factors
necessary for survival. In order to determine how climate change might affect a particular species,
scientists must first try to understand all of the ways in which present climate influences that species.
Research the life cycle, habits, and physiological needs of your species in order to identify the ways in
Climate Change & Ecosystems Handout
Students research interrelationships in ecosystems and predict the effects of climate change.
Water Atlas Curriculum Lesson 32
which climate affects it today. Use the following questions as a guide to get you started. List other
questions that you think are important in the space provided below.
Life Cycle: What are the life stages of the species? When do changes from one stage to another take
place? How is the species affected by the seasons? How does the species reproduce? When and how
often does it breed?
Food: What are the nutritional needs of the species? What are its preferred foods? What are other
food sources? What do the young eat? Is the food supply influenced by the seasons?
Shelter: Where does the species live in the ecosystem? Does it share this space with other species?
What kind of shelter does it need for breeding/raising its young?
Predators/Disease: What species, if any, depend on this species for food (or parasitic/symbiotic
relationships)? What diseases or pests affect this species? What conditions make the species
susceptible to disease?
Competitors: What species compete with this species for food, shelter, or other needs? What if
anything, maintains a balance among these competitors?
Other Important Factors:
Evaluating Climate Change Impacts:
Now that you have learned more about your species’ life habits and needs, it’s time to consider how
global climate change might play a role in its future. Some scientific studies have suggested that
climate change could change the distribution of species in an area because warmer temperatures
would cause some species to shift their geographic ranges to cooler areas, either to higher latitudes or
to higher elevations on mountain slopes. Other studies indicate that in areas where species are unable
to move to accommodate changing climate conditions, for example, in places where their movement is
blocked by large cities, population numbers could decline or local populations could become extinct. In
fact, the impact of climate change on a species is likely to be complex because its survival is linked to
many factors. You have identified some of the factors that are important to the survival of your
species. Now look at the list of projected climate changes and evaluate how each of these changes
might impact the species you studied. Use a table to characterize the impact as “little or no impact,”
“moderate impact,” or “significant impact.”
Climate Change & Ecosystems Handout
Students research interrelationships in ecosystems and predict the effects of climate change.
Water Atlas Curriculum Lesson 32
Climate Change
Higher temperatures /
More heat waves
More heavy downpours
Change in drought
frequency/severity
Heavier snowfalls
Change in flooding
frequency/severity
Change in fire
frequency/severity
Sea level rise
Polar Warming
Impact:
(Little or None; Moderate; or
Significant)
Nature of Impact: (e.g., range shift
north, earlier egg-laying, fewer
breeding sites)