Download Topic 14 Landscape Dev.

4-19-13
Do Now:
1. Using your reference tables (page 2) tell me
the three general landscapes found in New
York State.
HW: R&H 302-304 A&E 1-6
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All three landscape regions
are classified on the basis
of gradient, elevation, and
rock structure.
Plains are characterized by
low elevation, little change
in slope, and horizontal
sedimentary rocks.
Long Island is part of the
Atlantic Coastal Plain which
stretches down the eastern
seaboard to Florida.
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Plateaus are areas of high
elevation with horizontal
undistorted rock structure.
Plateaus may have regions
with a more level slope or
regions with steep slopes.
These steep slopes are the
result of valleys cut by
streams or glaciers,
creating an eroded plateau.
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Mountains are characterized
by high elevation, steep
gradients, and distorted
rock structures.
These distorted structures
consist of faults, folds, or
volcanic rock.
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What are the three
types of landscapes?
What are their
characteristics?
How do we
differentiate
between a mountain
and a plateau?
Aim: What affects the development of
the landscapes we see?
Do Now:
1. What is the difference between a mountain,
plain and plateau?
2. What characterizes a landscape region?
HW: R&H 304-309 A&E 7-18
Uplifting and Leveling Forces
 Uplifting Forces are those which raise landscapes
and are powered by the convection cells in the
aesthenosphere.
 Leveling Forces are those which work to breakdown
or lower landscapes and are powered by energy
from the sun and gravity.
 When one force is stronger than the other the
landscape will change to resemble the stronger
force.
Landscapes and Climate
 Arid Climates are characterized by little vegetation.
 No vegetation = rapid weathering and erosion.
 Therefore arid climates have steep slopes and angular
landscapes.
 Humid climates have abundant vegetation which hold
the sediments better.
 Humid climates are characterized by gentle slopes and
more rounded landscapes, chemical weathering also helps
make these features.
Arid or Humid?
Arid or Humid?
Arid or Humid?
Arid or Humid?
Arid or Humid?
Arid or Humid?
Impact Craters
 Impact craters form when
meteors crash into Earth’s
surface.
 There are less impact
craters found on Earth
than other celestial bodies
because of weathering,
erosion, bodies of water,
and Earth’s atmosphere.
 When a meteor hits partial
melting of the crust occurs
and ejecta are shot up into
the air, and fall
surrounding the crater.
Barringer Meteor Crater, Arizona
Aim: How do landscapes affect
stream drainage?
1.
Do Now:
1. Name the rock layer that is
most resistant to weathering and
erosion.
2. Name the rock layer that is
the least resistant to weathering
and erosion.
3. Explain your choices.
HW: R&H 311-313 A&E 19-25
4/28/12
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Escarpment
Stream Drainage Patterns
Dendritic Drainage
 Usually occurs in areas of
horizontal sedimentary
rocks.
 The rocks show little
difference in resistance
Trellis or Block Drainage
 Seen in folded and
faulted rock with a great
difference in rock
resistances
Radial Drainage
 Occurs in domed
structures (i.e.
volcanoes) and rocks
used have little
difference in resistance
Annular Drainage
 Forms in areas where
dome structures are
present but there is
much difference in rock
resistance.
 Concentric Circles form.
Lets Play the
“Stream Dream Team Challenge”
Aim: How do humans affect the
Landscapes we see?
4/26/11
Do Now:
1. What is the current
world population of the
human race?
2. Take out your review
books
HW: R&H 315-317 A&E
26-30
Population Growth
 The human population
on Earth is growing at an
exponential rate (i.e. 1
makes 2, 2 makes 4, 4
makes 8, etc.)
 This rapid increase in
population over a short
period of time has had
many effects on our
natural environment
Landscape Change
 Deforestation leads to an
increase erosion
 Increase in surface
runoff caused by
construction of roads
increases erosion
 Chemicals added to the
environment by human
activities increases
chemical weathering of
landscapes
Atmospheric Change
 Aerosols (CO2, Methane,
Water Vapor) added to the
atmosphere by human
activity can trap infrared
heat reradiated by the
Earth’s surface
(Greenhouse Effect).
 Aerosols can also lead to an
increase in precipitation,
changing the rates of
weathering and erosion in
a given area.
Going Green
 In 2008 the average
American produced 4.5
pounds of solid waste
per day.
 The same year it was
reported that the average
Long Islander produced
9 pounds of waste per
day.
Take out Review Books Page 309