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Abstract: 16-bit operating systems worth studying because it can be a reference for understanding the machine instructions on computer hardware and microcontroller devices. This research aims to develop a 16-bit operating system with functions essentially : the execution process, memory allocation, and file management. Posts in this study discusses how to manufacture core programs such as the operating system bootloader, kernel, shell, system calls, file management, and handling input-output on the keyboard, the mouse, disk, and memory using Assembly language programming with NASM compiler. Therefore, this study also discusses the workings of computer hardware as a knowledge base. The Waterfall method is used to create an application that meets the basic functions of the operating system . VirtualBox software is used as a container for additional operating systems so that the operating system is made to run on existing operating systems. Keywords: hardware, programs, kernel, system calls, process, memory Abstrak: Sistem operasi 16 bit layak diteliti karena dapat menjadi acuan untuk memahami instruksi mesin pada perangkat keras komputer dan perangkat microcontroller. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan sistem operasi 16 bit dengan fungsi- fungsi dasarnya yaitu eksekusi proses, pengalokasian memory, dan manajemen file. Tulisan dalam penelitian ini membahas cara pembuatan program-program inti sistem operasi seperti bootloader, kernel, shell, system calls, file management, dan penanganan input-output pada keyboard, mouse, disk, dan memory menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Assembly dengan compiler NASM. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini juga membahas cara kerja perangkat keras komputer sebagai pengetahuan dasarnya. Untuk membuat aplikasi yang memenuhi fungsi-fungsi dasar sistem operasi tersebut digunakan metode Waterfall. Software VirtualBox digunakan sebagai penampung sistem operasi tambahan sehingga sistem operasi yang dibuat dapat berjalan pada sistem operasi yang sudah ada. Kata Kunci: perangkat keras, program, kernel, system calls, proses, memory