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(Rinnan, in prep.)
(Rinnan, in prep.)
(Schneider 2001)
(Schneider 2009)
(Schneider 2009, p. 242)
(Schneider 2009, p. 241)
(Urmy 2012).
http://rs.resalliance.org/2010/02/24/a-history-of-stommel-diagrams/
(Torgersen et al. 2012; adapted from Frissell and others, 1986, Currens 1997, and Gresswell 1999).
(Frissell et al. 1986)
?
FIRE
?
BWA
WIND
Endemic Outbreak
I&D
Time
Hutten et al. in prep.
?
Arrows indicate
possible future
Techniques to Measure Net Ecosystem Productivity
Remote Atmosphere Sampling/Inversion
River Sampling
Aircraft Sampling
Vegetation and
soil C sampling
Eddy Covariance
(Randerson et al. 2002)
(Doctor 2008)
(Stavros et al., in prep.)
Temporal and spatial scales of major processes affecting forest ecosystems
Globe 107
Seasonal
phenology
Geology &
evolution
Climate
change
Continent 106
Weather
patterns
Region 105
Species
emigration
Replacement
Disturbance
C-allocation
patterns
Plot 102
Physiology
104
ha
l
oc
ille
M
Ep
nn
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103
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ur
nt
ca
De
nu
Time (years)
102
Ce
da
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101
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10-1
10-2
10-3
Di
Di
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10-4
M
Microsite 101
An
Stand
Edaphic
development
Recruitment &
mortality
103
l
Area (m2)
Watershed 104
(Law et al. 2006)
Beechie, T. J., and coauthors.
2010. Process-based Principles
for Restoring River Ecosystems.
Bioscience 60:209-222.
Beechie, T. J., and
coauthors. 2010.
Process-based
Principles for
Restoring River
Ecosystems.
Bioscience 60:209222.
Doctor, K. K. 2008. Spatial and temporal patterns of homeward migration and
population structure in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in the Wood
River system, Bristol Bay, Alaska. M.S. thesis. University of Washington.
Gresswell, R. E. 1999. Fire and aquatic ecosystems in forested biomes of North
America. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 128:193-221.
Law, B.E., D. Turner, M. Lefsky, J. Campbell, M. Guzy, O. Sun, S. Van Tuyl, W.
Cohen. 2006. Carbon fluxes across regions: Observational constraints at
multiple scales. In Scaling and Uncertainty Analysis in Ecology: Methods and
Applications (J. Wu, B. Jones, H. Li, O. Loucks, eds.). Columbia University
Press, New York, USA.
Randerson, J.T., F.S. Chapin, J. Harden, J.C. Neff, and M. Harmon. 2002. Net
ecosystem production: a comprehensive measure of net carbon accumulation
by ecosystems. Ecological Applications. 12(4): 937-947.
Rinnan, in prep. Talk to Scott Rinnan in our class.
Schneider, D. C. 2001. The rise of the concept of scale in ecology. Bioscience
51:545-553.
Schneider, D. C. 2009. Quantitative ecology: Measurement, models, and scaling.
Academic Press, London.
Stavros, Natasha, and coauthors. In prep. Understanding climate, wildfire, and air
quality feedbacks across spatial and temporal scales. Frontiers in Ecology
and Environment.
Torgersen, C.E., Ebersole, J.L., Keenan, D.M., 2012, Primer for Identifying ColdWater Refuges to Protect and Restore Thermal Diversity in Riverine
Landscapes: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency EPA 910-C-12-001, p. 91.
Urmy, S. 2012. Temporal variability and bio-physical coupling in the pelagic fauna of
Monterey Bay. M.S. thesis. University of Washington, Seattle.
Vance, T., and R. Doel. 2010. Graphical methods and Cold War scientific practice:
The Stommel diagram's intriguing journey from the physical to the biological
environmental sciences. Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences 40:1-47.