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Pop Quiz 1. What is the name of the oldest known law in human civilization which was born out of Mesopotamia? 2. Which of the ancient societies developed a covenant humans had to agree to follow in order to be guided by God? 3. Which Ancient society had Pharaohs who ruled through divine purpose? 4. Confucius believed that all people were born good and if taught morality would do the right thing on their own without fear of consequence. True/False 5. What new methods/concepts were developed in India to help maintain order in the society? 6. Provide a definition of Democracy. 7.)"Ask a question, get and answer, follow with another question about the answer." This is known as a) Greek Tragedy b) The Republic c) catharsis d) Socratic Method 8.) This ancient civilization built a great city named Machu Pichu high in the mountains and was one of the last remaining Mesoamerican empires. a. Inca b. Aztec c. Mayan d. Mississippian e. Mesopotamia 9.) In Greek tragedy everyone lived happily ever after. True/ False 10.) This ancient civilization was home to the mythical city of Babylon and the Hammurabi Code. a. Inca b. Egypt c. Mesopotamia d. China e. Indus Valley 11.) Name the three great Greek philosophers discussed in class. 12.) Athenian males were called to the armed forces from age 7 to 60, if they lived that long. True/ False 13.) Aristotle like many in Greek culture was a firm believer that women were capable of the reason intellectual ability as men. True/False Match Cultural Advancement/description to the Civilization 1.) The creation of civic law that people had to follow. Known as the “Code of Hammurabi” 2.) Planned cities with piped water and bathing rooms. Importance of hygiene. 3.) The idea that prophets rule the people and the people obey because of punishment from the gods. 4.) The belief that there is only one god. Monotheism. 5.) The concept of a strict caste system that separates society and provides defined roles for all members of society. 6.) Concept of Confucianism and the idea that people are naturally good. They just need to be taught to embrace their moral norms. 7.) Hinduism and the concept of reincarnation. 8.) The Great Wall of China 9.) The ancient city of Babylon. 10.) Broken into the Old, Middle and New Kingdoms. • Civilizations: – – – – – Mesopotamia Israelites Indus Valley Ancient Egypt Zhou and Han Dynasties The Roman Empire 27BC-500 AD Largest of its time. • Heavily influenced by Greek culture. • First “Dictator”: Julies Cesar. – Started Civil War, a champion of lower classes. – Assassinated before crowned the Senate. • First Emperor: Octavian “Augustus” grandnephew of Cesar. • Roman Law: – At first only applied to Roman Citizens. “Romanizing” • What is “Americanization”, “Californiacation”? • Extensive cultural and intellectual development. – History “Played up greatness of leaders” – Plays, made Romans seem superior. • Titus & Trajan – Under their rule the Empire reached its greatest extent. Roman Culture • Gymnasium: exercised naked!! Roman Coliseum Gladiators • Gladiators: mostly un-free individuals (condemned criminals, prisoners of war, slaves). Animals come out of pit! • Fought to the death • Wave thumb, meant kill him. • Thumb against palm, meant spare him. • Freed if won enough. Chariot Racing Roman Life • Rich: Life was good for the Rich. – Lived on hills outside of Rome away from smell and noise. • Patronage – Patricians: Upper, wealthy class – Slaves – Plebeians: Lower class, but not slaves. • Plebeians depended on Patricians for protection. The Poor • “All roads lead to Rome” • The creation of the first Ghetto. • Government forced to take care of them if they went to the city. Palatine Hill Empire of constant War • Generals would form allegiances with groups of soldiers and overthrow the emperor. • Example of the how power hungry humans are. Roman Law • After years of inequalities Romans adopted a system of government that was close to a republic… 1. Rome had a Senate that was elected, with “checks and balances” 2. All Roman male-citizens were equal under the law. 3. A system of laws was adopted that is close to what we have in the USA today: for example – you are innocent until proven guilty. Rome/Christianity cont… • Jesus was a Jewish man in Rome during the early Roman empire. • Early Christians were persecuted by the Romans because they refused to acknowledge the Roman Gods. • Eventually (by the 2nd century AD) Romans not only accepted but adopted Christianity as the primary religion of Rome. • Constantine was the 1st Roman leader to proclaim Christianity as his religion (313 AD). Baptism of Constantine Roman Empire Collapse • Internal war = civil war. • The Huns United with Goths of Germany and invaded the Roman Empire. Islam • According to Islam tradition – Muhammad was a prophet who, after speaking with an angel, began to speak about the “Nature of God.” • People who believe in Muhammad’s words are referred to as Muslims. Muhammad was born in 570 AD. • Muslims believe that Judaism came 1st and was perfected by Christianity and Islam was the “Final Stage” in God’s plan. • Muslims, Jews and Christians are all “people of the book” according to Muslim tradition.